Chronic Effects of Fats on Satiety & Energy Needs

USDA Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center1 enrolled

Overview

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of dietary fat on satiety (the experience of fullness between one meal and the next) and energy metabolism over an extended period of time (chronic effects). How dietary fat sources affect satiety, appetite and energy use is unclear. The investigators will use a controlled setting for the studies. They want to know if the source of dietary fat alters satiety, satiety hormones, and energy expenditure responses after consuming different diets.

This work will address the interaction of obesity and dietary fatty acids in regulating satiety and energy metabolism. The primary objective is to determine the effects of chronic intake of dietary fatty acids of varied saturation and chain length on satiety, thermogenesis and energy utilization in healthy individuals. The investigators hypothesize that unsaturated fatty acids will 1) increase satiety and 2) increase energy metabolism and that 3) the fatty acid binding protein polymorphisms are associated with reduced energy expenditure in response to dietary fat intake.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

OTHER

Masking

QUADRUPLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Overweight Obesity

Interventions

SFAOTHER

High saturated fatty acid/SFA oil source

MUFAOTHER

High monounsaturated fatty acid/MUFA oil source

PUFAOTHER

High polyunsaturated fatty acid (linoleic)/PUFA oil source

LCn3

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 20 YearsMax age: 55 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * body mass index between 25.0-34.9 kg/m2 * free of major diagnosed, untreated medical conditions * non-smoking or use of other tobacco products, including e-cigarettes * not taking steroid-based medications * not planning to or currently attempting to gain or lose weight * willing to comply with study demands * low intake of long chain omega-3 fatty acids (\<0.10 g/d) or willing to reduce intake for 6 weeks prior to starting the study Exclusion Criteria: * diagnosed eating disorders * diabetes (blood sugar ≥ 126 mg/dl) * hypertension (systolic \> 160 mmHg or diastolic \> 100 mmHg) * diagnosed cardiovascular, pulmonary, skeletal and metabolic diseases * currently pregnant or planning to become pregnant, or lactating * taking medications known to affect appetite, blood lipids, body composition, body weight, or food intake (appetite control drugs, steroids, antidepressants)

Locations (1)

USDA Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center

Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Acute effect of fat intake on energy expenditure as determined by metabolic rate

Time frame: Incremental Area Under the Curve (iAUC) of metabolic rate from 0 to 4 hours

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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