Delineation of the Role of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Signalling in Relation to Increased Carbohydrate Content in the Distal Small Intestines

Inclusion Criteria: * Type 2 diabetes for at least three months (diagnosed according to the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO)) treated with metformin monotherapy * Caucasian ethnicity * Normal haemoglobin * Age \>18 years * BMI \>23 kg/m2 and \<35 kg/m2 * Informed and written consent Exclusion Criteria: * Liver disease (alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and/or serum aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) \>2 times normal values) or history of hepatobiliary disorder * Gastrointestinal disease, previous intestinal resection, cholecystectomy or any major intra-abdominal surgery * Reduced kidney function or nephropathy (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (based on serum creatinine) and/or albuminuria * Treatment with medicine that cannot be paused for 12 hours * Intake of antibiotics two months prior to study * Treatment with glucose-lowering drugs other than metformin * Hypo- and hyperthyroidism * Treatment with oral anticoagulants * Active or recent malignant disease * Any treatment or condition requiring acute or sub-acute medical or surgical intervention * Lack of effective birth control in premenopausal women * Positive pregnancy test on study days in premenopausal women * Pregnancy * Women who are breastfeeding * Any condition considered incompatible with participation by the investigators * If the subjects receive any antibiotic treatment while included in the study they will be excluded