In this research work, the concept of strengthening technique of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) incorporated with tendon gliding exercise (TGE) will be used to improve neuromuscular function of upper extremity of patients with diabetes mellitus. The first specific aim of the study is to examine the effects of home-based PNF exercise on the motor, sensation and functional performance parameters of upper extremity of the patients with diabetes mellitus. In addition, whether adding a tendon gliding exercise (TGE) to the home-based PNF exercises can provide better treatment effects for the patients with diabetes mellitus will also been investigated in this study. One of the hypothesis of this study is the prescribing home-based PNF exercise program has a positive treatment effect on neuromuscular function of the upper extremity of patients with diabetes mellitus. And,the other is home-based PNF in conjunction with TGE provides better benefits for neuromuscular function of the upper extremity of patients with diabetes mellitus.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
12
Providing a home-based exercise program supervised by therapists can be an acceptable strategy with the characteristics of convenience and inexpensiveness to promote neuromuscular and functional component for the patients with diabetes mellitus.
National Cheng-Kung University Hospital
Tainan, Taiwan
Change from baseline result of Semmes-Weinstein monofilament (SWM) test at 12 weeks
determine the touch-pressure threshold of the hands
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of Nerve conduction study (NCS) at 12 weeks
determine nerve condition through detection of the amplitude of the sensory and motor nerve action potential
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of pinch-holding-up activity test at 12 weeks
sensorimotor control of a hand
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of Purdue pegboard test at 12 weeks
determine fine fingertip dexterity
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test at 12 weeks
determine unilateral and bilateral gross motor coordination of upper extremity
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of Manual tactile test at 12 weeks
determine active touching sensation
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of Grasp and pinch power at 12 weeks
Grip strength of the hands will be assessed with a Jamar dynamometer
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of pinch power at 12 weeks
Pinch power is measured with a pinch gauge
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of of shoulder flexion assessing by Micro FET hand-held dynamometer at 12 weeks
Peak force of shoulder flexion (N) will be measured
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of shoulder internal rotation assessing by Micro FET hand-held dynamometer at 12 weeks
Peak force of shoulder internal rotation (N) will be measured
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of shoulder external rotation assessing by Micro FET hand-held dynamometer at 12 weeks
Peak force of shoulder external rotation (N) will be measured
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of peak torque of shoulder external rotation assessing by Bi-planar isokinetic dynamometer (BID) at 12 weeks
Peak torque of shoulder external rotation (N⋅m) will be obtained
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
Change from baseline result of peak torque of shoulder internal rotation assessing by Bi-planar isokinetic dynamometer (BID) at 12 weeks
Peak torque (PT) of shoulder internal rotation (N⋅m) will be obtained
Time frame: pre-intervention (week 0), post-intervention (week 12) and follow-up evaluation (week 24)
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