Consumers are often forced to eat fast, convenient foods and snacks ("eat on the go") in order to match the pace of their lifestyles. However, these snack options more often than not offer little health benefit to the consumer. In fact, 55% of calories consumed by Canadians are ultra processed foods, which are limited in their nutrient profile and only offer empty calories. Subsequently, these foods lead the consumer to eat more and provides little to no feelings of satiety or satiation. the proposed objectives of the current project are to examine the physiological benefit(s) of consuming readily available pulse snacks and compare them to other commonly consumed snack varieties. This work aims to incentivize consumers to seek out pulses as valuable snacking options and highlight the benefit of including these as alternatives to other energy-dense snacks that lack the nutritional composition of pulses.
Hypothesis of the study: Inclusion of pulses as part of a snack will lower appetite and post-prandial glycemia (PPG) in comparison to commercial, commonly consumed non-pulse snacks. Overall Objective of the study: To investigate and compare the effects of pulse and non-pulse snacks served as chips and dip on appetite and PPG in healthy adults. Specific objectives of the study: To test the acute effects of different pulse snacks on: 1) PPG and appetite for three hours, and 2) food intake 1 hour following consumption of snacks.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
26
Non-pulse chip + non-pulse dip
Novel pulse chip + pulse spread
Commercial pulse chip + pulse spread
Commercial pulse chip + non-pulse spread
Novel pulse chip + non-pulse spread
Non-pulse chip + pulse spread
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Change in blood glucose levels
Each participant will attend 6 sessions in total (randomized 6-arm cross-over design)
Time frame: Starting at the beginning of each session (0 minutes, before consumption of treatment) and every 15 - 30 minutes up to 190 minutes (time of completion of each session)
Subjective appetite
Measured using Visual Analog Scales (VAS)
Time frame: Measured every 15-30 minutes up to 190 minutes
Food intake
Food intake is measured by the amount of pizza (in grams) consumed during the 20 minute period (pizza is served ad libitum)
Time frame: 65 minutes after completion of treatment, 20 minutes is allocated to allow for pizza consumption
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