This is a family based genotype-phenotype study designed to assess genetic and environmental influences on obesity, insulin resistance and beta cell function in the context of gestational diabetes.
Mexican American women with prior gestational diabetes and their first degree relatives and Mexican American women with prior normal glucose tolerance in pregnancy are studied with detailed phenotyping consisting of oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests, body composition studies, diet and physical activity assessments, and circulating biomarkers potentially related to obesity, insulin resistance, pancreatic beta cell function, gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Spouses of the gestational diabetic and control probands are studied with oral glucose tolerance tests. Offspring of the gestational and control probands have fasting glucose determinations. All participants provide DNA for genetics testing. A subset of the gestational diabetic probands and their first degree relatives return 3-5 years after baseline testing for repeat phenotyping.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
1,250
Pancreatic Beta Cell Compensation for Insulin Resistance
Disposition index from intravenous glucose tolerance test
Time frame: Single time point for primary cohort, repeated 4.5 years later in subset
Insulin Senstivity
Si from computer modeled intravenous glucose tolerance test
Time frame: Single time point for primary cohort, repeated 4.5 years later in subset
Acute Insulin Release
Incremental area under insulin curve during first 10 minutes intravenous glucose tolerance test
Time frame: Single time point for primary cohort, repeated 4.5 years later in subset
Glucose tolerance
normal, impaired or diabetic glucose level determined using American Diabetes Associate criteria applied to glucose levels from a 2-hour, 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test
Time frame: Single time point for primary cohort, repeated 4.5 years later in subset
Diabetes type 2
Fasting glucose \>125 mg/dl and/or 2-hour glucose on 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test \>199 mg/dl
Time frame: Single time point for primary cohort, repeated 4.5 years later in subset
Dietary Intake
Measured by semi-quantitative Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire
Time frame: Single time point for primary cohort, repeated 4.5 years later in subset
Physical Activity
Measured by Multi-ethnic Cohort Physical Activity Questionnaire
Time frame: Single time point for primary cohort, repeated 4.5 years later in subset
Body Fat
Percent body fat measured by dual photon X-ray absorptiometry
Time frame: Single time point for primary cohort, repeated 4.5 years later in subset
Circulating adipokine levels
Fasting levels of approximately 20 adipocytokines
Time frame: Single time point for primary cohort, repeated 4.5 years later in subset
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.