Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is the fourth highest cancer killer worldwide and is responsible for 6% of cancer deaths. Around 80% of patients are diagnosed at a late stage when cancer has spread and surgical removal is no longer possible. At present there are no treatments available which will shrink the tumour to enable surgical removal. A main factor in the lack of treatment options for patients is that pancreatic cancer is surrounded by a thick scar tissue called the stroma, which forms a barrier to prevent chemotherapy from entering and shrinking the tumour. Research carried out in laboratories has shown that a derivative of Vitamin A, All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA), may have the ability to break down this stroma allowing chemotherapy to reach the cancer. STAR\_PAC will test the combination of ATRA with two chemotherapy drugs; Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. There are two parts to the study; the first will test different doses of the drugs on around 24 patients to find the highest dose patients can take without too many side effects. The second part will test this dose on around 10 patients to find the dose that will produce the desired effect with limited side effects. Patients will take ATRA for up to 6 cycles and chemotherapy until their cancer worsens and will be followed up for 12 months. The study will also explore the ability of a type of scan, DW-MRI, to detect changes in the cancer (optional for patients). Patients can also opt to donate additional tumour samples (biopsies) and normal cell samples (cheek cells and hair samples). Eligible patients will be recruited through NHS Clinics and should have histologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer according to RECIST criteria and must have received no prior treatment for this cancer.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
29
Administered orally on D1-15 of each 28 day cycle.
Intravenous Infusion on D1,8 and 15 of each 28 day cycle.
Intravenous Infusion on D1,8 and 15 of each 28 day cycle.
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Cambridge, United Kingdom
Barts and The London NHS, St Bartholomew's Hospital
London, United Kingdom
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
London, United Kingdom
Imperial College NHS Trust
London, United Kingdom
Part 1: Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLT)
Occurrence of DLT which can be attributed as possibly, probably or definitely related to the study treatment.
Time frame: First 28 days of treatment
Part 2: Optimum Biological Dose (OBD)
Determination of OBD based on serum Vitamin A levels measured at the end of each treatment cycle.
Time frame: Up to 6 cycles of treatment (1 cycle = 28 days)
Maximum concentration observed (Cmax)
ATRA PK will be assessed predose and post dose up to 5 hours on day 1 of cycles 1-3 to determine the Cmax.
Time frame: Up to 3 cycles (1 cycle = 28 days)
Time of maximum concentration observed (Tmax)
ATRA PK will be assessed predose and post dose up to 5 hours on day 1 of cycles 1-3 to determine the Tmax.
Time frame: Up to 3 cycles (1 cycle = 28 days)
Area under the curve (AUC)
ATRA PK will be assessed predose and post dose up to 5 hours on day 1 of cycles 1-3 to determine the AUC.
Time frame: Up to 3 cycles (1 cycle = 28 days)
Change in serum Vitamin A levels
Change in serum Vitamin A levels relative to baseline at the end of cycles 1 and 2 will be assessed.
Time frame: End of cycles 1 and 2 ( 1 cycle = 28 days).
Incidence of adverse events (AE)
Incidence of AE (graded by NCI CTCAE v4.03) will be assessed.
Time frame: From time of consent until end of treatment, an average of 8 months.
Objective response rate (ORR)
The percentage of patients with measurable disease at baseline who have at least one visit response of CR or PR prior to any evidence of progression, as defined by the site radiologist using CT scans (RECIST v1.1).
Time frame: Assessed 8 weekly until progression or death for a maximum of 12 months.
Progression free survival (PFS)
The time from the date of registration to the date of first documented tumour progression (as assessed by the site radiologist and/or investigator, using RECIST v1.1) or death from any cause, whichever occurs first.
Time frame: Assessed 8 weekly until progression or death for a maximum of 12 months.
Overall survival (OS)
The time from registration to death from any cause or 12 months follow up, whichever occurs first.
Time frame: Up to 12 months
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