Evaluation of Heterologous Fecal microbiotA Transfer in ICU Patients: a FeasibilitY and SafetY StudY

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 * Patients hospitalized in ICU * Patients under mechanical ventilation * Patients with an expected length of stay of at least 4 days after inclusion * Patients identified with an MDRB digestive carriage, determined by a positive rectal swab previously performed during ICU stay, according to usual screening * Expected antibiotic (ATB) duration \< 10 days * Informed written consent from the patient * In unconscious patients who are not able to give consent for inclusion in the study, relatives (next-of-kin) give assent on every patient's behalf, and patients will be later given the opportunity to withdraw from the study Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with a high risk of death within 5 days according to investigator's opinion, or subjected to therapeutic limitation decisions * Antibiotherapy of more than 4 consecutive days at inclusion * Confirmed or suspected intestinal ischemia * Confirmed or suspected toxic megacolon or gastrointestinal perforation * Any gastro-intestinal bleeding in the past 3 months * Any history of abdominal surgery in the past 3 months * Any history of chronic digestive disease or gastro-intestinal resection * Any counter indication for Trendelenburg position * Neutropenia (neutrophil counts \< 500 cells/µL) * Ongoing immunosuppressive therapy (chemotherapy, any immunosuppressive agents, excluding corticosteroids \< 0,5 mg/kg/d of equivalent prednisolone) * Enrollment in another trial that may interfere with this study * Known allergy or intolerance to trehalose or maltodextrin and latex * Pregnancy or breastfeeding * Patients with EBV- serology