Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes - Raising the Issue of Weight Management in Primary Care

Overview

To ensure that patients who are overweight or obese and have type 2 diabetes are identified, receive personalised diabetes care, have the issue of weight raised and explained in a non-judgemental manner by staff in primary care, and are referred on to weight management services as appropriate ensuring equity of access across NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. Specific aims of the whole project: 1. To improve GP/ primary care staff knowledge of the evidence base for the management of diabetes when there is co-existing obesity and local care pathways 2. To increase GP/ primary care staff knowledge of and confidence in their role in raising the issue of weight management, 3. To improve primary care referral rates of appropriate patients who are overweight or obese and have type 2 diabetes, and are "ready to change" to NHS funded weight management services 4. To improve patient uptake of and attendance at NHS funded weight management services NB This is a service evaluation of a training programme being delivered by NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Improvement. Full ethical approvals are being sought due to the randomised design and so that results can be generalised and published.

The Glasgow and Clyde weight management service (GCWMS) delivers a specialist multi-disciplinary, multi-component weight management programme throughout the Glasgow and Clyde area. In a recent evaluation of the service, the authors highlighted that 27% of the patients who are referred to the programme do not opt into the service. This describes patients who are referred via their GP practice and do not contact the service to opt into an initial assessment. Similarly, Brook et al described initial uptake and engagement of a small weight management programme of 502 patients. In addition to completing an extensive questionnaire, patients were requested to call to make an appointment with the service personally. Of those referred to the programme, 46% did not opt in. Engaging patients in a weight management programme is especially difficult, even when the intervention is provided via the primary care route. For example, The Counterweight Project, a weight management programme delivered via the GP surgery, has been taken up by a number of surgeries in Scotland, however after 2 years, one fifth of enlisted practices failed to enrol patients onto the programme. Even when GP's do address matters of weight related behaviour, there is often disagreement from the patient that the topic has been raised. In a sample of 456 patients, 39% of patients disagreed with GP reporting about the content of the discussion during consultations regarding weight, diet and physical activity. In particular, GP's reported more occasions of discussing weight than patients in 12.5% of consultations. Patients' likeliness to engage in a weight management programme is also influenced by practice endorsement and opinion of the GP of the intervention available in addition to other factors: clear understanding of the programme, clear understanding of the programme goals, structured pro-active follow-up and perception of positive outcomes.