Previous studies suggested an inverse relationship between coffee consumption and mortality in the general population. Furthermore, an inverse association between coffee consumption and serum biomarkers of inflammation and insulin resistance has been described. Prospective studies showed that coffee consumption might be associated with reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Although caffeine consumption appears to be associated with a decreased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, the relationship between caffeine consumption and mortality in patients with diabetes remains uncertain. The current analysis aimed to assess the effects of caffeine consumption and caffeine source on all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality among patients with diabetes.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
3,052
All-cause mortality
All-cause mortality as assessed by NHANES linked National Death Index public-access
Time frame: From baseline until death or censoring on 31 December 2011, whichever came first, assessed up to 12 years
Cardiovascular mortality
Cardiovascular mortality as assessed by NHANES linked National Death Index public-access
Time frame: From baseline until death or censoring on 31 December 2011, whichever came first, assessed up to 12 years
Cancer mortality
Cancer mortality as assessed by NHANES linked National Death Index public-access
Time frame: From baseline until death or censoring on 31 December 2011, whichever came first, assessed up to 12 years
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