Outpatient Use of Analgesics in Children and Adolescents in France

Co-analgesic drugs (antidepressants and anticonvulsants) for pain management

Use of co-analgesics. children and adolescents with epilepsy or a psychiatric disorder will be excluded from the main analysis in order to approximate as much as possible the use of these drugs for pain management Acute or chronic use Geographical distribution of prescribers For co-analgesics specifically: description of analgesic drugs used concomitantly. Assessment of off-label use of analgesics by comparing descriptive usage data and regulatory marketing authorization conditions: for each analgesic; age of use and use of codeine in off-label indications will be assessed

Time frame: 4 years

Description of outpatient use of opioid analgesics over time in children with malignant disease

Types of specific molecule and drug combinations: Assessment of these parameters will concern two distinct periods of time: ≤1 year after the diagnosis of cancer disease and \>1 year after diagnosis. The diagnosis date will either the date of the first hospitalization for cancer or the date of full expenses coverage by the health insurance system for cancer disease, whichever comes first. Profile of prescribers: hospital or private practice Profile of patients: age groups (0-23 months, 2-5 years, 6-11 years, 12-17 years) Acute or chronic use. Chronic use will be defined by at least 3 dispensations of the same analgesic drug (ATC code 5th level) in a period of 12 months.

Time frame: 4 years

Evaluation of the dispensing without medical prescription of analgesics in children and adolescents.

Proportion of analgesics' dispensations without medical prescription presented by age and gender

Time frame: 4 years