Taurine Supplementation on Cognitive Function in Patients With Diabetes

Overview

Diabetes has become important risk factors for threatening human life and health. Studies have shown that chronic hyperglycemia lead to microvascular brain injury. The more common types of dementia are Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cognitive dysfunction is a precursor to Alzheimer's disease. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a cognitive impairment between normal aging and dementia, mainly manifested as memory impairment, especially episode memory defects, but also named obstacles, but the overall cognitive function is normal, daily life ability is normal. Studies have shown that middle-aged diabetic patients' cognitive ability will decline by about 19% in 20 years compared to people without diabetes. Sulfur amino acid is the indispensable amino acid in mammals, and its metabolites include Taurine, Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Taurine was first isolated more than 150 years ago from ox (Taurus) bile. Although the taurine can be synthesized in vivo by cysteine in the presence of cysteine dioxygenase, it is mainly acquired from dietary sources, such as eggs, meat, and seafood. H2S is a biologically relevant mediator and plays potential roles in several physiological processes and disease states in the body. H2S is synthesized from 2 sulfur-containing amino acids, l-cysteine andl-methionine, by the 3 enzymes,cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), cystathionine-β-synthetase(CBS), and3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). Previous studies have demonstrated that Taurine and H2S may play important roles in the development of themicroangiopathy and lower extremity arterial occlusive.

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