Long-term Cancer Risk in the Randomised Oslo Diet and Antismoking Study

Oslo University Hospital1,216 enrolled

Overview

This study examines the effect of a five-year multifactorial lifestyle intervention in the Oslo diet and antismoking study on long-term cancer risk. In 1972-1973, 1232 men with high cardiovascular risk profile were randomised to intervention including cholesterol lowering diet, weight loss and antismoking advice, or control (1:1). This study examines the effect of the intervention on 43-year cancer incidence and mortality.

The Oslo diet and antismoking study showed that a 5-year lifestyle intervention reduced the long-term risk of coronary events and mortality. The lifestyle risk factors for cancer are partly similar to those for coronary heart disease, e.g. smoking, high body weight, unfavourable diet. The investigators therefore expect that the intervention has an effect on cancer risk in the long term. In this follow-up study, the investigators analyse the association between the intervention, and cancer incidence and mortality drawn from the Cancer Registry of Norway and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry from the time of randomisation in 1972/3 until the end of 2015.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

1,216

Conditions

Cancer Gastrointestinal Cancer Lung Cancer Urinary Tract Cancer Prostate Cancer

Interventions

Diet and antismoking adviceBEHAVIORAL

Dietary advice with the aim of reducing participant's serum cholesterol levels, including reduction in the intake of saturated fat and cholesterol, and increased intake of polyunsaturated fat, fish, vegetables and fruit. Weight reduction was recommended for overweight men, as well as reduced consumption of sugar rich foods and drinks, and alcoholic beverages. Smokers were advised to stop smoking. The advice was given both individually and in group sessions during a five-year time period from 1972/3 until 1977/8.

Eligibility

Sex: MALEMin age: 40 YearsMax age: 49 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * participated in screening of coronary risk factors, into which all men born in 1923-1932 and living in Oslo were invited in 1972-1973 * being in the upper quartile of a coronary risk score based on blood pressure, serum total cholesterol concentration and cigarette smoking Exclusion Criteria: * serum total cholesterol level above 9.0 mmol per Liter * having a healthy diet, based on a short dietary history * self-reported cardiovascular disease or diabetes * previous history of cancer

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Incidence of the group of cancers related to smoking, diet or body mass index

Diagnosis of carcinoma in the oral cavity, oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, colorectum, liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, pancreas, larynx, trachea, bronchus and lung, urinary tract and thyroid gland, drawn from the Cancer Registry of Norway

Time frame: 43 years

Secondary Outcomes

Mortality in the group of cancers related to smoking, diet or body mass index

Mortality in cancers in the oral cavity, oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, colorectum, liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, pancreas, larynx, trachea, bronchus and lung, urinary tract and thyroid gland, drawn from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry

Time frame: 43 years

Cancer incidence

Any cancer diagnosis, drawn from the Cancer Registry of Norway

Time frame: 43 years

Cancer mortality

Mortality in any cancer, drawn from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry

Time frame: 43 years

Incidence of gastrointestinal cancer

Diagnosis of carcinoma in gastro-intestinal tract, drawn from the Cancer Registry of Norway

Time frame: 43 years

Incidence of lung cancer

Diagnosis of carcinoma in lung, drawn from the Cancer Registry of Norway

Time frame: 43 years

Incidence of urinary tract cancer

Diagnosis of carcinoma in urinary tract, drawn from the Cancer Registry of Norway

Time frame: 43 years

Incidence of prostate cancer

Diagnosis of carcinoma in prostate, drawn from the Cancer Registry of Norway

Time frame: 43 years