Intervention to Promote Survivor Resilience and Adjustment: Efficacy and Sustainability

Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 (MPAI-4)

Adjustment Subscale reflects emotional self-regulation; items relate to anxiety, depression, irritability, anger, social interaction, and self-awareness. Raw scores range from 0-46. Ability Subscale reflects cognitive and physical abilities, including verbal and nonverbal communication and problem-solving abilities. Raw scores range from 0-47. Adjustment Subscale: higher scores indicate greater severity. Ability Subscale: higher scores indicate greater problem severity. T scores between 40 and 60 would be considered average of people involved in rehabilitation following brain injury. T-scores between 40 and 50 may be considered in the mild to moderate range of overall severity compared to other people with ABI.; T-scores between 50 and 60, in the moderate to severe range. T-scores above 60 would suggest severe limitations even as compared to other people with ABI. T-scores between 30 and 40 suggest mild limitations. T-scores below 30 represent relatively good outcomes.

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Follow-Up (11 months after Baseline)

Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18), 18-item Self-report Instrument Was Developed to Quantify Psychological Distress in the General Population

The BSI-18 is used because of its sound psychometric properties, and global assessment of psychological issues commonly found in individuals with TBI. Frequency ratings for items in three primary symptom dimensions (Somatization, Depression, and Anxiety) are added to yield the Global Severity Index (GSI). The GSI score reflects the overall distress level and is the focus of the present investigation. Frequency ratings for items in three primary symptom dimensions (Somatization, Depression, and Anxiety) are added to yield the Global Severity Index (GSI). T-scores are calculated based on community norms (50 indicates the population mean with a standard deviation of 10). Higher T scores are indicative of greater symptom severity. Somatization subscale: (Raw scores range from 0-19+), Depression subscale: (Raw scores range from 0-23+), Anxiety subscale: (Raw scores range from 0-20+), Global Severity Index: (Raw scores range from 0-53+)

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Follow-Up (11 months after Baseline)

13 Item Stress Test

This self-report measure was developed more than a decade ago for clinical research studies on stress management with survivors and caregiving family members. Sample items include, "I have more to do than I can handle," "I'm pushing myself too hard," and "I can't stand living like this." Items are rated as True (+1) or False (0) with higher scores indicating higher stress levels. The measure has been shown to be sensitive to family intervention after TBI.63,64 The Total Score is the measure of interest in the present investigation. Total raw score ranges from 0-13. Higher raw scores are indicative of increased distress. There are no subscales used in this measure.

Time frame: Change from Baseline to Follow-Up (11 months after Baseline)