60 patients ASA I-III, undergoing open nephrectomy will be randomly assigned into one of two groups, namely group A (n=30), where a thoracic paravertebral block will be performed preoperatively and a paravertebral catheter for continuous and patient controlled bolus local anesthetic (ropivacaine) doses will be inserted and group B (n=30) where morphine IV will be administered at the beginning and the end of operation and postoperatively through patient controlled IV doses. NRS scores in static and dynamic conditions, complications, patient satisfaction, oxidative stress (through lactic acid, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde) and NGAL pre- and postoperatively, will be recorded.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
60
Paravertebral block using ropivacaine preoperatively and postoperatively
Morphine intraoperatively and postoperatively
Asklepieion Hospital of Voula
Athens, Greece
Postoperative pain
Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores (Range 0-10, 0=no pain, 10=the worse pain ever)
Time frame: 48 hours
Oxidative stress - lactic acid (mmol/L)
Time frame: 24 hours
Oxidative stress - superoxide dismutase (units/ml)
Time frame: 24 hours
Oxidative stress - malondialdehyde (nmol/mg protein)
Time frame: 24 hours
Oxidative stress - neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) (ng/ml)
Time frame: 24 hours
Complications
Time frame: 48 hours
Patient satisfaction
Patients asked whether they would choose the same anaesthetic management in a future operation: Yes/No
Time frame: 48 hours
Patient mobilization
Patient reporting time of first standing to the side of the bed
Time frame: 7 days
Intestinal function
Time of first passing of rectal gas, reported by the patient
Time frame: 7 days
Chronic pain
Using of Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS) Grade 0: No pain in prior 6 months Grade 1: Low Intensity - Low Disability Grade II: High Intensity Characteristic Pain Intensity - Low Disability Grade III: High Disability - Moderately Limiting Grade IV: High Disability - Severely Limiting
Time frame: 6 months
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