It will be evaluated whether carnitine, a dietary supplement, reduces liver fat and improves metabolism in individuals who have a high concentration of fat within their liver. Participants will be given either Carnitine or placebo, together with a meal replacement milkshake twice daily for 6 months.
NAFLD occurs when too much fat accumulates in liver tissue. This can, over time, cause inflammation and scarring of the liver, eventually leading to chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. It is strongly associated with diabetes and obesity, both of which are endemic in Western societies. Carnitine enables cells in the body to use fat as a fuel, and recent studies have suggested that carnitine supplementation may reduce liver triglyceride content. Muscle and liver are the major sites in the body which coordinate glucose and fat metabolism. As well as assessing the effect of carnitine supplementation on liver fat, its effect on metabolic processes within these tissues will also be measured
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
30
2g L-Carnitine tartrate as a powder consumed twice a day
325ml dairy-based meal replacement drink ('Slimfast' trademark of KSF Acquisition UK Ltd) consumed twice a day
2g Maltodextrin powder packaged to mimic carnitine powder consumed twice a day
David Greenfield Human Physiology Unit
Nottingham, Notts, United Kingdom
Intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content
IHTG measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Time frame: 24 weeks
liver sensitivity to insulin
suppression of glucose output from the liver during a 20 mU.m-2.min-1 hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp
Time frame: 24 weeks
whole body insulin sensitivity
whole body glucose uptake during a 50 mU.m-2.min-1 hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp
Time frame: 24 weeks
Muscle lipid content
lipid content of the vastus lateralis muscle measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Time frame: 24 weeks
Skeletal muscle sensitivity to insulin
Arterialised-venous vs. femoral venous difference in blood glucose concentration during the last hour of a 2 hour 50 mU.m-2.min-1 hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp
Time frame: 24 weeks
whole body composition
Fat and lean tissue mass assessment by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
Time frame: 24 weeks
Liver energy metabolism
hepatic ATP flux assessed by 31-phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Time frame: 24 weeks
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