This study evaluates the effects of acute huperzine A ingestion prior to exercise on cognitive function and perceived effort in exercise-trained individuals. Huperzine A has shown the ability to improve cognitive function in dementia patients, and is currently marketed as a cognitive enhancing supplement. Study participants will receive either huperzine A or placebo during the first experimental session, and will receive the other substance during the second session.
Huperzine A improves cognitive function by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This enzyme is responsible for the degradation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. inhibition of acetylcholinesterase may allow for greater availability of acetylcholine, which may allow for better nerve conduction and therefore enhanced cognitive function and possibly muscular contraction. Huperzine A (200 mcg, Swanson®, Fargo, North Dakota) and placebo capsules will be administered in a single oral dose. The dose of Huperzine A to be used is comparable to previous research (Xu et al, 2011). Placebo capsules will consist of rice flour. The participants will ingest the capsules with 250 mL of water 30-45 minutes before exercise is initiated. A paired-sample t-test with alpha set to p ≤ 0.05 for statistical significance will be used to analyze the data. Outcomes measured during the first and second experimental sessions will be compared to each other. The participants will be compared to themselves during previous sessions, so a paired sample t-test will be used to calculate the difference between the sessions. Data will be presented as means ± SE. Data analyses will be performed with Microsoft Excel; and other analyses may be performed as needed to gain further insights about the data. A statistical power analysis was performed (G\*Power software, version 3.1.5, University of Kiel, University of Dusseldorf, and University of Mannheim, 157 Germany) based on the following inputs: two-tailed paired t-test, alpha=0.05, desired power=0.80, sample size=15 subjects. The results indicated that a standardized effect size of 0.78 (i.e. large effect) will be detectable. As many as 20 subjects will be recruited and enrolled to ensure that complete data on 15 subjects are available in the event of screen fails and dropouts.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
15
During one of the two experimental sessions, participants will be given huperzine A.
During one of the two experimental sessions, participants will be given a placebo.
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St Louis, Missouri, United States
Digit span
Digit span will be used as a measure of working memory. During a period of two minutes, the participants will be presented with a series of digits at a rate of one digit per second, and will be required to to repeat them verbatim. If they succeed, they will be presented with a longer series by one digit. The longest series that they are able to correctly repeat will be the number of their score (i.e. if they are able to repeat a series of 7 digits, their score will be 7).
Time frame: This test will be implemented during a 2 minute window during the last 10 minutes of endurance exercise.
Verbal Fluency
Verbal fluency will be used as a measure of executive function. Participants will be instructed to generate words beginning with F, A, S, B, H, or R. Each participant will be randomly assigned a different letter at each session.
Time frame: This test will be implemented during a 1 minute window during the last 10 minutes of endurance exercise.
Category Fluency
Category fluency will be used as a measure of executive function. Participants will be instructed to produce as many words as they can for a particular category within one minute. Each participant will be randomly assigned a different category at each session.
Time frame: This test will be implemented during a 1 minute window during the last 10 minutes of endurance exercise.
Stroop Effect Test
The Stroop effect test will be used as a measure of information processing. Participants will be exposed to color names printed in an ink color that does not match the color name. They will be instructed to name the color of the ink and to ignore the color name.
Time frame: This test will be implemented during a 2 minute window during the last 10 minutes of endurance exercise.
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