Participants will perform three endurance training sessions weekly for 12 weeks. All participants will be randomly assigned to the protein supplementation group or the placebo (iso-caloric carbohydrate) group. During the 12 weeks endurance training program participants allocated to the protein group (30 g protein per beverage) will receive a protein drink after exercise and prior to sleep at night on training days. On non-training days participants will only receive a protein drink before sleep. Participants allocated to the carbohydrate group (30 g carbohydrates) will receive a carbohydrate drink instead of a protein drink.
In the proposed study, the effects of protein supplementation after training and before sleep on VO2max and performance will be assessed during 12 weeks endurance exercise training in untrained healthy young men. The ready to drink carbohydrate beverage consists of 30g carbohydrate or 30g protein. Previous studies show that the supplementation of 30g protein is in the optimal range to stimulate the muscle protein synthetic response following resistance type exercise. The protein supplementation group in the present study will be compared with an iso-caloric carbohydrate group. In addition, to the pre- and post-intervention biopsies 1 additional muscle biopsies will be taken (in week 6) during the 12 week intervention period. This will create a unique opportunity to establish the timeline of the skeletal muscle adaptive response at functional and mechanistic level following prolonged endurance exercise training, including potential differences between both groups.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
44
Three endurance training sessions weekly with protein supplementation post-exercise and before sleep.
Wageningen University & Research
Wageningen, Gelderland, Netherlands
Maximal whole-body oxidative capacity
Maximal oxygen consumption in ml per kg of bodyweight
Time frame: Baseline
Maximal whole-body oxidative capacity
Maximal oxygen consumption in ml per kg of bodyweight
Time frame: 6 weeks
Maximal whole-body oxidative capacity
Maximal oxygen consumption in ml per kg of bodyweight
Time frame: 12 weeks
Endurance Performance
10-km simulated time trial performance in seconds
Time frame: Baseline
Endurance Performance
10-km simulated time trial performance in seconds
Time frame: 6 weeks
Endurance Performance
10-km simulated time trial performance in seconds
Time frame: 12 weeks
Maximal activity of citrate synthase
Maximal activity of citrate synthase in micromol per gram per minute
Time frame: Baseline
Maximal activity of citrate synthase
Maximal activity of citrate synthase in micromol per gram per minute
Time frame: 6 weeks
Maximal activity of citrate synthase
Maximal activity of citrate synthase in micromol per gram per minute
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Time frame: 12 weeks
Maximal activity of Cytochrome c oxidase
Maximal activity of Cytochrome c oxidase in micromol per gram per minute
Time frame: Baseline
Maximal activity of Cytochrome c oxidase
Maximal activity of Cytochrome c oxidase in micromol per gram per minute
Time frame: 6 weeks
Maximal activity of Cytochrome c oxidase
Maximal activity of Cytochrome c oxidase in micromol per gram per minute
Time frame: 12 weeks
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes count/pL
Time frame: Baseline
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes count/pL
Time frame: 2 weeks
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes count/pL
Time frame: 4 weeks
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes count/pL
Time frame: 6 weeks
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes count/pL
Time frame: 8 weeks
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes count/pL
Time frame: 10 weeks
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes count/pL
Time frame: 12 weeks
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin mmol/L
Time frame: Baseline
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin mmol/L
Time frame: 2 weeks
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin mmol/L
Time frame: 4 weeks
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin mmol/L
Time frame: 6 weeks
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin mmol/L
Time frame: 8 weeks
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin mmol/L
Time frame: 10 weeks
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin mmol/L
Time frame: 12 weeks
Hematocrit
Hematocrit L/L
Time frame: Baseline
Hematocrit
Hematocrit L/L
Time frame: 2 weeks
Hematocrit
Hematocrit L/L
Time frame: 4 weeks
Hematocrit
Hematocrit L/L
Time frame: 6 weeks
Hematocrit
Hematocrit L/L
Time frame: 8 weeks
Hematocrit
Hematocrit L/L
Time frame: 10 weeks
Hematocrit
Hematocrit L/L
Time frame: 12 weeks
Lean mass
Lean mass kg
Time frame: Baseline
Lean mass
Lean mass kg
Time frame: 6 weeks
Lean mass
Lean mass kg
Time frame: 12 weeks
Fat mass
Fat mass kg
Time frame: Baseline
Fat mass
Fat mass kg
Time frame: 6 weeks
Fat mass
Fat mass kg
Time frame: 12 weeks