Lactoferrin Versus Ferrous Fumarate for Treatment of Mild to Moderate Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy

Overview

This study will conducted to evaluate and comparison between the effectiveness, safety and acceptability of lactoferrin alone, ferrous fumarate alone and combination of both for the treatment of mild to moderate IDA during pregnancy.

Anemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem, where it has been estimated that 41.8% of pregnant women worldwide are anemic . Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the condition in which there is anemia due to a lack of iron. IDA develops when available iron is insufficient to support normal red cell production and is the most common type of anemia Anemia has a significant impact on the health of the fetus as well as that of the mother. It impairs the oxygen delivery through the placenta to the fetus and interferes with the normal intrauterine growth, leading to fetal loss and perinatal deaths. Anemia is associated with increased preterm labor (28.2%), preeclampsia (31.2%), and maternal sepsis. The daily requirement of iron is around 1.5 mg in nonpregnant women. This requirement increases dramatically during pregnancy to reach 6-7 mg/day (total 1000 mg) with advanced gestational age. Pregnancy causes a twofold to threefold increase in the requirement for iron and a 10- to 20-fold increase in folate requirement. The increase in demand for iron is mainly due to fetal requirement, placenta, blood volume, tissue accretion, and the intra-partum potential for blood loss

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