The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of visual feedback of the posterior region of the cervical spine on pain intensity and range of motion.
60 patients with chronic idiopathic neck pain will be randomly assigned into one of two groups: a group receiving visual feedback when performing 10 repetitions of each of neck movements (flexion, extension, side-flexion and rotation) and a group performing the same task without visual feedback. Participants will be assessed for pain intensity, pain location, disability, range of motion, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing and anxiety both at baseline and after visual the intervention (i.e., neck movements with and without visual feedback).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
42
Visual feedback of the neck will be given to participants using two mirrors while performing neck movements.
Participants will be asked to perform active movements of their neck with the mirrors covered.
Clínica de Diagnóstico e Terapêutica - Hellman, Lda
Figueira da Foz Municipality, Portugal
Neck pain intensity
Measured using a 10 cm visual analogue scale
Time frame: Baseline
Neck pain intensity
Measured using a 10 cm visual analogue scale
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention (at 30 minutes)
Pain location
Measured using a body chart
Time frame: Baseline
Pain location
Measured using a body chart
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention (at 30 minutes)
Time for pain to return to baseline levels
Measured with a chronometer
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention (at 30 minutes)
Pain disability
Measured using the Neck Disability Questionnaire (range: 0-50 and higher scores are indicative of more disability)
Time frame: Baseline
Pain disability
Measured using the Neck Disability Questionnaire (range: 0-50 and higher scores are indicative of more disability)
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention (at 30 minutes)
Neck range of motion
Measured using a goniometer
Time frame: Baseline
Neck range of motion
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Measured using a goniometer
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention (at 30 minutes)
Kinesiophobia
Measured using the Tampa Scale of Kinsesiophobia (Range: 13-52 and higher values are indicative of a higher fear of movement.
Time frame: Baseline
Kinesiophobia
Measured using the Tampa Scale of Kinsesiophobia (Range: 13-52 and higher values are indicative of a higher fear of movement.
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention (at 30 minutes)
Catastrophyzing
Measured using the Pain Catastrophyzing Scale (range: 0-52 and higher scores and indicative of higher pain catastrophyzing)
Time frame: Baseline
Catastrophyzing
Measured using the Pain Catastrophyzing Scale (range: 0-52 and higher scores and indicative of higher pain catastrophyzing)
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention (at 30 minutes)
Anxiety
Measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Scale, which consists of 2 sub-scales, one measures trait anxiety and the other measures state anxiety; both scales have an independent score that ranges from 20 to 80 and higher scores are indicative of higher anxiety.
Time frame: Baseline
Anxiety
Measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Scale, which consists of 2 sub-scales, one measures trait anxiety and the other measures state anxiety; both scales have an independent score that ranges from 20 to 80 and higher scores are indicative of higher anxiety.
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention (at 30 minutes)
Neck perception
Assessed by asking participants to draw their neck as they perceive it to be
Time frame: Baseline
Neck perception
Assessed by asking participants to draw their neck as they perceive it to be
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention (at 30 minutes)