Peri-Incisional Drug Injection in Lumbar Spine Surgery

Inclusion Criteria: * Any adult patient 18 years of age and older who is undergoing surgery for a lumbar spine problem. Common diagnoses in this category would include lumbar disc herniations, spinal stenosis, and spondylolisthesis, but this is not an exhaustive list. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with comorbidities excluding use of proposed injection. * Patients with major head trauma such that they cannot provide consent or describe their post-operative pain. * Patients with other surgical treatment during study treatment (i.e. more than 1 surgery during the study period or within 30 days prior to surgery). * Pregnant women (as assessed by pre-operative pregnancy test, which is standard of care). * Patients with dementia such that they cannot provide consent or describe their post-operative pain. * Patients with an allergy to study medications. * Patients with previous drug dependencies. * Any patient that refuses to be randomized or does not wish to enroll. * Vulnerable populations, such as prisoners. * Patients with a fracture, tumor, or infection as their primary diagnosis. * Patients undergoing a deformity correction. * Patients with surgeries extending more than 4 levels, with surgeries that extend to the pelvis, or with surgeries that cross the thoracolumbar junction.