Imaging Synaptic Density in Cocaine and Opiate Addiction In Vivo Using 11UCB-J PET

Overview

This study aims to measure synaptic density in the brains (including in ventral striatum \[VS\] and medial prefrontal cortex \[mPFC\]) of abstinent subjects with Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) or Opiate Use Disorder (OUD) as compared to healthy control (HC) subjects using 11C-UCB-J PET. Subjects will undergo a single 11C-UCB-J (also known as 11C-APP311) PET scan. This would be the very first to image synaptic density in human cocaine and opiate users, thereby testing whether altered synaptic density in the rodent brain is recapitulated in CUD and OUD humans. If confirmed, the current study would provide compelling clinical-translational support for an important pathophysiological mechanism of addiction - aberrant structural synaptic plasticity. As such, the current study has considerable potential for advancing the neurobiological understanding of human cocaine and opiate addiction.

This study aims to measure synaptic density in the brains (including in ventral striatum \[VS\] and medial prefrontal cortex \[mPFC\]) of abstinent subjects with Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) or Opiate Use Disorder (OUD) as compared to healthy control (HC) subjects using 11C-UCB-J PET. Subjects will undergo a single 11C-UCB-J (also known as 11C-APP311) PET scan. This would be the very first to image synaptic density in human cocaine and opiate users, thereby testing whether altered synaptic density in the rodent brain is recapitulated in CUD and OUD humans. If confirmed, the current study would provide compelling clinical-translational support for an important pathophysiological mechanism of addiction - aberrant structural synaptic plasticity. As such, the current study has considerable potential for advancing the neurobiological understanding of human cocaine and opiate addiction. A separate protocol from the study team, identified by the ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04721418, is conducting a comprehensive investigation into the cocaine use disorder group. Therefore, data for participants with cocaine use disorder are not included in the results for the current registration.