Most of patients with autoimmune encephalitis are left with permanent cognitive deficits of varying severity. The patients' life and career would be affected definitely by cognitive deficits. Recently, more and more clinical physician have begun to focus on cognitive impairment of patients with autoimmune encephalitis. Generally, the outcome was measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). However, the mRS are commonly used to evaluate the degree of disability or dependence in the daily activities of the patients suffering from a stroke and cognition function were minimally evaluated in this scale. It is crucial to adopt detailed cognition tools to study the long-term cognitive outcomes and as an indicator of overall curative effect judgment in autoimmune encephalitis. Currently, only early immunotherapy is uniformly and consistently considered to produce favorable cognitive outcomes. However, studies concerning the association of second-line immunotherapy with cognitive outcomes have been scarce and have shown conflicting results regarding autoimmune encephalitis. Hence, the goal of this study was to explore cognitive neural mechanism of autoimmune encephalitis by using neuropsychological tests and multi-mode MRIs.
The goal of this study was to explore cognitive neural mechanism of different types of autoimmune encephalitis by using neuropsychological tests and multi-mode MRIs. Neuropsychological tests involves the assessments of different cognitive domains. And multi-mode MRIs contains resting-fMRI, DTI and task-related fMRI.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
22
375 mg/m2 weekly for 4 weeks
750 mg/m2 monthly for 4-6 cycles depending on the response
500-1000 mg of methylprednisolone daily for 3 days, then tapered doses
intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) with or without plasmapheresis
The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
brain functional connectivity changes
The study uses multi-model fMRI to measure changes of functional connectivity across regions during recovery
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
verbal episodic memory
Chinese auditory verbal learning test (CAVLT)
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
non-verbal episodic memory
Aggie Figures Learning Test (AFLT)
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
working memory
working memory test
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
emotion-anxiety
self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),the \*total\* range (20-80 scores), anxiety state (the total score is equal or above 41)
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
emotion-depression
self-rating depression scale (SDS), the \*total\* range (20-80 scores), depression state (the total score is equal or above 41)
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
executive control
Stroop test
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
information processing speed
symbol-digit modalities test (SDMT)
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
visual-spatial ability
block design test
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
semantic fluency test
vegetable and fruit, animal
Time frame: a minimum of 6 months following initial discharge from hospital
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