Comparing the effects of ' Cricoid pressure' or 'Paralaryngeal pressure' during endotracheal intubation procedure.
Applying Cricoid pressure is widely used procedure to prevent gastric contents regurgitation during endotracheal intubation. To find out effectiveness external pressure is applied, the investigators will evaluate the relative position of esophagus and trachea. And also comparing the effects of Cricoid pressure and Paralaryngeal pressure during whole tracheal intubation procedures. 1. Confirm the relative positions between esophagus and trachea in awake patients by using ultrasonography. 2. Compare the effect of 'Cricoid pressure' and 'Paralaryngeal pressure' to esophageal opening during tracheal intubation procedure as below points. 1\) Awake states. (Before sedation) 2) Anesthetized states. (After muscle relaxation) 3) During direct intubation procedure.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
96
Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center
Seoul, South Korea
Occlusion of esophagus
Occlusion of esophagus is checked under the application of cricoid and paralaryngeal pressures during direct laryngsocpy
Time frame: for 1 minute during direct laryngosopy
The relative position of the upper esophageal end to the glottis
The position assessed by using ultrasonography and direct visualization
Time frame: 1 minute before and after the induction of anesthesia, during direct laryngoscopy
The outer anteroposterior diameter of the upper esophageal end
The outer anteroposterior diameter of the upper esophageal end is assessed before and durng the application of cricoid and paralaryngeal pressures.
Time frame: During 1 minute in awake and anesthetized paralyzed states
POGO score
POGO score under the application of cricoid and paralaryngeal pressures
Time frame: during direct laryngoscopy
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