Influence of Genetic and Physiological in Weight Loss

Federal University of Paraíba57 enrolled

Overview

The study focuses on the influence of polymorphism in the FTO genes rs9939609 and PPARᵧ Pro12Ala, oxidative stress and systemic inflammation on changes in body composition and rest metabolism induced by HIIT and continuous aerobic programs in obese or overweight individuals.

Although the positive effects of continuous aerobic training are already well documented in the literature on health aspects. The weight loss induced by physical training is still very discrete when compared to other antiobesity means. Studies demonstrate an important variability in responses to physical exercise, indicating that individuals respond more or less to weight loss. Among these aspects, the factors that may influence exercise-induced weight loss have not yet been elucidated. Thus, the objective of the study is to analyze the influence of polymorphism in the genes FTO rs9939609 and PPARᵧ Pro12Ala, oxidative stress and systemic inflammation on changes in body composition and rest metabolism induced by continuous and continuous aerobic programs. Healthy individuals with overweight and / or obesity, aged 20-45 years, were randomly assigned to three groups: Continuous Aerobic (AC), Intermittent High Intensity Training (HIIT) and Control Group (CG). Groups (AC) and (HIIT) engaged in a 12-week program. Before the start of the program, at the sixth week and 48 hours after the intervention, they performed blood collections, ergospirometry, dual X-ray densitometry (DEXA), nutritional assessments. In addition, collection of buccal mucosa was performed for genotyping of polymorphisms studied. Initial differences between the groups, as well as between the dependent variables studied will be assessed using the two-way ANOVA test or its non-parametric equivalent. Correlation and regression tests will be performed to verify the influence of the independent variables and the magnitude of the exercise-induced weight loss, according to the normality of the data or differences between the standard deviations. The hypothesis tested is that genetic and physiological factors influence the weight loss independent of the training modality.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Overweight and Obesity Chronic Disease

Interventions

High-intensity interval trainingOTHER

HIIT training is being conducted on a three-day weekly frequency on a stationary bike. The protocol consisted of two weeks of adaptation with 12 weeks of training that alternated between sprints ranging from 30 s to 60 s (\> 95% VO2max), and active recovery ranging from 180 s to 120 s (30 W on the bicycle).

Aerobic exercise moderate intensityOTHER

The aerobic training is performed in a walking or running mode, with three weeks of adaptation (2x / wk - 20 to 30 minutes / session, \<threshold 1) and 12 weeks of training (3 to 5x / wk - 40 to 60 minutes / session, with prescribed intensities between the anaerobic threshold - L1 and the respiratory compensation point - L2).

Control GroupOTHER

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 20 YearsMax age: 45 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: Men and women aged 20-45 years; Were insufficiently active for at least six months prior to recruitment as determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) (\<150 minutes of moderate to intense physical activity / week) (MATSUDO, 2001); Were overweight or obese (BMI between 25kg / m2 and 39.9kg / m2) (WHO, 2015); Did not suffer any change in weight (more than 5kg in the last three months); Do not be smokers or acololistas (maximum of 2 doses / day); They may not be users of supplements and / or medications that influence weight loss or weight gain; No history of coronary, respiratory, metabolic, or musculoskeletal disease affecting ability to participate in the training program; Have been considered fit in an exercise test performed immediately prior to physical intervention; Women are not menopausal (menstrual cycle stopped more than one year) or have symptoms related to the climacteric phase. Exclusion Criteria: Individuals who lack at least 25% of the total training program or two consecutive weeks; Initiate medication treatment, supplementation, diet and / or other physical training program during the intervention period; During training, osseous and / or myoarticular lesions that affect the ability to continue participating in the intervention.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Body Composition. The changes are being evaluated.

The procedure used for analysis is done using a Dual Energy Radiological Absortiometry (DEXA) equipment. The measurement of the body fat and fat free mass percentage measure is obtained by means of a full body scan using the LUNAR PRODIGY DF + 14.319 Radiation (Madison, WI) brand device, following manufacturer's protocols. The body mass is evaluated by means of a balance (Sanny®, São Bernardo do Campo - São Paulo, Brazil), with the volunteer barefoot and in orthostatic position using a Toledo scale sensitive to 100 g. The stature is evaluated by a stadiometer with a tape calibrated at 0.1 of the same mark. Waist circumference and other body perimeters are measured with a 0.1 cm Anthropometric Tape (Sanny®, São Bernardo do Campo - São Paulo, Brazil). Weight and height data are used to calculate BMI using the equation adopted by the WHO: BMI = (Weight / (Stature) 2).

Time frame: Before the intervention protocol and 48 hours immediately after the last exercise session.

Secondary Outcomes

Metabolic Rate of Rest. The changes are being evaluated.

The metabolic rate was measured using a gas spirometry analyzer. After having fasted from 8:00 pm the previous day, the volunteers were referred to the laboratory shortly after the awakening and were invited to remain seated in a thermoneutral environment for 30 minutes. For the next 30 minutes, VO2, VCO2, VE and RER were monitored until variations of no more than 10% occurred when five-minute intervals were compared. Once this steady state was obtained, these variables were recorded for five minutes. The calculation of the resting metabolic rate is done according to Macdonald (1990).

Time frame: Before the intervention protocol and 48 hours immediately after the last exercise session.

Lipid and Glycemic Profile. The changes are being evaluated.

Collections of 10 ml of blood from the antecubital vein will be performed early in the morning, with fasting from 10 to 12 hours. The collections will be done 24 hours before, in the 6th week and after the intervention period. They will remain seated for 10 minutes for subsequent collection. Five milliliters of blood will be placed in EDTA-containing test tubes, protected from light and gently homogenized by inversion. The other 5ml will be placed in tubes without anticoagulants. They will then be centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 10 min. The plasma or serum will be separated, placed in eppendorf tubes and refrigerated at -20 ° C until analysis. All analyzes will be carried out using a commercial kit of the Labtest brand (Minas Gerais-Brazil). The analyzes will be carried out on serum samples using commercial Labtest kits (Minas Gerais, Brazil), following the manufacturer's recommendations and on a Labmax 240 premium automatic analyzer (Lagoa Santa-MG, Brazil).

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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The control group is participating in lengthening classes to increase the adherence and control of the influencing variables. Classes are being held once a week for 60 minutes.