Evaluation of CD19-Specific CAR Engineered Autologous T-Cells for Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory CD19+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Inclusion Criteria for Autologous Apheresis: * Age ≤ 21 years old * CD19+ ALL with any of the following: * Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) ≥ 1% at end of up-front induction therapy * Hypodiploid (\< 44 chromosomes or \< 0.95 DNA index) CD19+ ALL with detectable disease at the end of up-front induction therapy * Increase in disease burden any time after the completion of up-front induction therapy * Primary refractory disease despite at least 2 cycles of an intensive chemotherapy regimen designed to induce remission * Refractory disease despite salvage therapy * 1st or greater relapse * Estimated life expectancy of \> 12 weeks * Karnofsky or Lansky (age-dependent) performance score ≥ 50 * Patients with a history of prior allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation \[HCT\] must be clinically recovered from prior HCT therapy, have no evidence of active GVHD and have not received a donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) within the 28 days prior to apheresis * For females of child bearing age: * Not lactating with intent to breastfeed * Not pregnant with negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to enrollment Exclusion Criteria for Autologous Apheresis: * Known primary immunodeficiency * History of HIV infection * Severe intercurrent bacterial, viral or fungal infection * History of hypersensitivity reactions to murine protein-containing products Eligibility Criteria for Manufacturing SJCAR19: * CD19+ ALL with any of the following: * Primary refractory disease despite at least 2 cycles of an intensive chemotherapy regimen designed to induce remission * Refractory disease despite salvage therapy * 2nd or greater relapse * Any relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation * 1st relapse if patient requires an allogeneic HCT as part of standard of care relapse therapy, but is found to be ineligible and/or unsuitable for HCT * Age: ≤ 21 years of age * Karnofsky or Lansky (age-dependent) performance score ≥ 50 * Estimated life expectancy of \> 12 weeks * Meets eligibility criteria to undergo autologous apheresis, or have previously undergone autologous apheresis Inclusion Criteria for Treatment with SJCAR19: * CD19+ ALL with any of the following: * Primary refractory disease despite at least 2 cycles of an intensive chemotherapy regimen designed to induce remission * Refractory disease despite salvage therapy * 2nd or greater relapse * Any relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation * 1st relapse if patient requires an allogeneic HCT as part of standard of care relapse therapy, but is found to be ineligible and/or unsuitable for HCT for any of the following reasons: * Patients that do not have an available allogeneic donor (defined as at least a 7/8 HLA-matched related/unrelated donor, 5/6 HLA-matched umbilical cord donor, or 3/6 HLA-matched haploidentical donor) * Patients with refractory leukemia, for which allogeneic transplant is known to be less effective in the B-ALL population, and * Patients who are unable to receive myeloablative total body irradiation (TBI), which is included in standard transplant regimens for patients with B - ALL. * Detectable disease * Age: ≤ 21 years of age * Estimated life expectancy of \> 8 weeks * Prior to planned SJCAR19 infusion, patients with a history of prior allogeneic HCT must be at least 3 months from HCT, have no evidence of active GVHD and have not received a donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) within the 28 days prior to planned infusion * Adequate cardiac function defined as left ventricular ejection fraction \> 40%, or shortening fraction ≥ 25% * EKG without evidence of clinically significant arrhythmia * Adequate renal function defined as creatinine clearance or radioisotope GFR ≥50 ml/min/1.73m2 (GFR ≥40 ml/min/1.73m2 if \< 2 years of age) * Adequate pulmonary function defined as forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 50% of predicted value; or pulse oximetry ≥ 92% on room air if patient is unable to perform pulmonary function testing * Karnofsky or Lansky (age-dependent) performance score ≥ 50 * Total Bilirubin ≤ 3 times the upper limit of normal for age, except in subjects with Gilbert's syndrome * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 5 times the upper limit of normal for age * Hemoglobin \> 8 g/dl (can be transfused) * Platelet count \> 20,000/μL (can be transfused) * Has recovered from all NCI CTAE grade III-IV, non-hematologic acute toxicities from prior therapy * For females of child bearing age: * Not lactating with intent to breastfeed * Not pregnant with negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to enrollment * If sexually active, agreement to use birth control until 6 months after T-cell infusion. Male partners should use a condom * Available SJCAR19 product with ≥ 15% expression of the CD19-CAR, and killing of CD19+ targets ≥ 20% in an in vitro cytotoxicity assay * Agreement to participate in long-term follow-up on protocol NCT00695279 Exclusion Criteria for Treatment with SJCAR19: * CNS-3 disease with or without neurologic changes * CNS-1/CNS-2 disease with neurologic changes * Known primary immunodeficiency * History of HIV infection * Evidence of active, uncontrolled neurologic disease * Severe, uncontrolled bacterial, viral or fungal infection * History of hypersensitivity reactions to murine protein-containing products * Receiving systemic steroids therapy exceeding the equivalent of 0.5 mg/ kg/day of methylprednisolone, in the 7 days prior to CAR T-cell infusion * Receiving systemic immunosuppressive therapy in the 14 days prior to CAR T-cell infusion * Receiving intrathecal chemotherapy in the 7 days prior to CAR T-cell infusion