Oral infections can trigger the production of pro-inflammatory mediators that may be risk factors for miscarriage. The investigators investigated whether oral health care patterns that may promote or alleviate oral inflammation were associated with the history of miscarriage in Turkish women.
Power analysis was performed with the G-Power software package to determine sample size. To cover possible data loss, 10% of a group were added to each group. Medical and dental examination will be performed both of control and experimental groups. In dental examination decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT) index will be used according to World Health Organization (WHO 1997) criteria. All teeth were visually using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II). To analyze the correlation between oral health status and miscarriage linear regression test and for comparison of both the groups (case and control), two sample t test and chi square test were used.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
100
(ORTHOPANTOMOGRAPH® OP300 PANORAMIC, Instrumentarium Dental, Tuusula, Finland,63 kVp, 0.8 mA, 0.5 s).
Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Dentistry Faculty
Rize, Turkey (Türkiye)
RECRUITINGRecep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine
Rize, Turkey (Türkiye)
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGrecurrent miscarriage
If abortion material is obtainable, it will be genetically evaluated for chromosomal abnormalities. At least 8 weeks after termination of pregnancy, karyotype analysis of both couples and thrombophilia panel ( Factor V Leiden, prothrombin gene mutation G20210A, protein S/Protein C/antithrombin deficiency and MTHFR mutations) in the study group will be requested.
Time frame: below 20th week of pregnancy
Dental Examination
All teeth were visually using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II). The chosen sites were recorded as: 0 = sound; 1. = first visible sign of noncavitated lesion seen only when the tooth is dried; 2. = visible noncavitated lesion seen when wet and dry; 3. = microcavitation in enamel; 4. = noncavitated lesion extending into dentine seen as an undermining shadow; 5. = small cavitated lesion with visible dentine: less than 50% of surface; 6. = large cavitated lesions with visible dentine in more than 50% of the surface.
Time frame: 1 Day
Periodontal Examination
A single calibrated examiner measured probing depth-PD, 0: healthy 1. bleeding 2. calculus 3:3.5-5.5 mm 4: over 5.5 mm
Time frame: 1 Day
Clinical attachment level
A single calibrated examiner measured clinical attachment level- CAL, 0: 0-3 mm 1:4-5 mm 2:6-8 mm 3:over 8mm 4: 9-11 mm 5: over 12 mm
Time frame: 1 Day
Plaque Examination
A single calibrated examiner measured plaque (Pl) 0:no plaque 1. A film of plaque 2. soft deposit s within the gingival pocket 3. Abundance of soft matter within the gingival pocket
Time frame: 1 Day
Gingival Examination
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A single calibrated examiner measured gingival indices (GI) 0= Normal gingiva; 1. Mild inflammation 2. Moderate inflammation 3. Severe inflammation
Time frame: 1 Day
Bleeding Examination
A single calibrated examiner measured bleeding on probing (BOP) 0: no bleeding 1: bleeding
Time frame: 1 Day