This is a phase 1 double-blind, placebo controlled trial designed to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of a single dose of the live attenuated Zika vaccine rZIKV/D4Δ30-713 in adults with no history of previous flavivirus infection.
Fifty-six healthy volunteers will be enrolled over 2 sequential cohorts: Cohort 1: n=28, volunteers will be randomly assigned to a single dose of either vaccine (10\^3 PFU, n=20) or placebo (n=8). Cohort 1 will be enrolled and evaluated first. If the vaccine is not found to induce seroconversion to ZIKV in \> 80% of subjects inoculated with 10-\^3 PFU of the vaccine, a second cohort of volunteers will be enrolled and will be inoculated with 10\^4 PFU of vaccine (or placebo). Cohort 2: n=28, volunteers will be randomly assigned to a single dose of either vaccine (10\^4 PFU, n=20) or placebo (n=8). All volunteers will be followed on an outpatient basis for 6 months following vaccination (13 follow up visits over 180 days). Follow up visits will include clinical assessments as well as sample collection for evaluation of viremia and seroconversion. Sample collection will include blood, urine, saliva, nasopharyngeal or midturbinate swab, vaginal secretion or semen collection on specified visit days throughout the 180 day follow up period.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
56
Administered at a dose of 10\^3 plaque-forming units (PFUs) by subcutaneous injection
Administered by subcutaneous injection.
Administered at a dose of using 10\^4 plaque-forming units (PFUs) by subcutaneous injection.
Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
University of Vermont Medical Center (UVMMC), Clinical Research Center
Burlington, Vermont, United States
Number of Participants With Solicited Local and General Adverse Events (AEs)
Evaluated using the Adverse Event Grading Table in the study protocol.
Time frame: Solicited AE's assessed every visit through Day 28
To Determine the Immunogenicity of a Single Dose of rZIKV/D4Δ30-713
Determination of the serum plaque reduction neutralization titer 50% (PRNT50) to ZIKV for each subject at Study Day 28 post-inoculation. Seroconversion will be defined as achieving a PRNT50 ≥ 1:10 at any time-point through Study Day 28. The peak PRNT50 to ZIKV through Study Day 28 will be calculated for each subject included in the per-protocol an intent-to-treat analysis and the geometric mean peak titer for vaccinated subjects will be calculated.
Time frame: Measured through Day 28
Viremia Induced by Vaccine (Number of Participants With Detectable Virus at Any Time Point)
Assess the frequency, quantity, and duration of viremia (virus in the blood) induced by a single dose of the rZIKV/D4Δ30-713 vaccine. The mean peak viremia, mean day of onset of viremia, and mean duration of viremia will be calculated. Viremia will be detected by culture (infectious virus) and by RT-PCR.
Time frame: Measured through Day 90
Number of Vaccinees Infected With rZIKV/D4Δ30-713
Determine the number of vaccinees infected with rZIKV/D4Δ30-713. Infection is defined as recovery of infectious vaccine virus from the blood, serum or urine of a subject and/or by seroconversion to ZIKV. Seroconversion will be defined as achieving a PRNT50 ≥ 1:10 by Study Day 90 post-vaccination.
Time frame: Measured through Day 180
Immunogenicity of rZIKV/D4Δ30-713 in Flavivirus-naïve Subjects
Evaluate the immunogenicity of rZIKV/D4Δ30-713 in flavivirus-naïve subjects as assessed by the PRNT50 to ZIKV, for each subject at Study Day 28, 56, and 90 post-administration of LA Zika vaccine. Expressed as geometric mean peak titer, reciprocal (median). Geometric mean titer was calculated at each time point for only those subjects with a titer of \>= 10, reciprocal. Seroconversion was defined as a PRNT(50) of \>= 10, reciprocal.
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Time frame: Measured through Day 180
Durability of Antibody Response
Determine the durability of antibody response 26 weeks after vaccination. Neutralizing antibody titers to ZIKV were measured at 0, 28, 56, 90, 150, and 180 days following vaccination, with the peak neutralizing antibody titer determined as the peak titer in the 90 days following vaccination for either dose cohort.
Time frame: 26 Weeks post vaccination
Quantity and Duration of ZIKV Presence
Determine the quantity and duration of ZIKV presence as determined by: * The peak virus titer in the blood and the duration of viremia induced by the LA Zika vaccine as determined by RT-PCR and virus culture * The quantity and duration of possible Zika vaccine shedding in urine determined by RT-PCR and virus culture * The quantity and duration of possible Zika vaccine shedding in vaginal secretions determined by RT-PCR and virus culture * The quantity and duration of possible Zika vaccine shedding in semen determined by RT-PCR and virus culture
Time frame: 90 days post vaccination