Online social networking sites, such as Telegram, possess a number of useful features that could enhance oral health promotion interventions, including the ability of users to share personal information, which is aggregated and displayed to other users .This study is a longitudinal controlled trial that is designed to investigate the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention on improving oral health in adolescents and their mothers. Participants will be allocated in three groups with a) an intervention group in which mothers and children receive the intervention and questionnaires via Telegram, b) only the children receive the intervention via Telegram and mothers and children receive the questionnaires, and c) mothers and children are in active control group and only receive the questionnaires. The intervention package contains behavior change techniques targeting outcome expectancy, self-efficacy, action planning, coping planning, and self-monitoring. The active control group receives an information sheet regarding recommendations on Oral health behaviors. There will be 3 assessment points in time, baseline, 1 month and 6 months after the interventions. The primary outcome of this study is to estimate the dyadic mechanisms between mothers and their children regarding improving oral health. Secondary outcome is to investigate whether oral health behavior did improve in the intervention groups in general and also to find the psychological mechanism behind the changes during the time of the study.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
791
The intervention package will be sent to mothers and adolescents via Telegram social media. It contains behavior change techniques targeting outcome expectancy, self-efficacy, action planning, coping planning, and self-monitoring. There will be 3 assessment points in time, baselines, 1 month and six months after interventions.
The intervention package will be sent to only adolescents via Telegram social media. It contains behavior change techniques targeting outcome expectancy, self-efficacy, action planning, coping planning, and self-monitoring. There will be 3 assessment points in time, baselines, 1 month and six months after interventions.
The active control group receives an information sheet regarding recommendations on oral health behavior via telegram. There will be 3 assessment points in time, with 1 month and six months in between.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center
Qazvin, Iran
changes in dental busing behavior using a self-reported questionnaire
using a self-reported questionnaire
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
changes in self efficacy using a self-reported questionnaire
self efficacy will be assessed using a self-reported questionnaire with four items. All items are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree)
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
changes in outcome expectancy
outcome expectancy will be assessed using a self-reported questionnaire with three items. All items are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree)
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
changes in coping planning
coping planning will be assessed using a self-reported questionnaire with five items. All items are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (not true) to 5 (totally true)
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
changes in action planning
action planning will be assessed using a self-reported questionnaire with five items. All items are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (not true) to 5 (totally true)
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
changes in risk perception
risk perception will be assessed using a self-reported questionnaire with three items. All items are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very unlikely) to 5 (very likely)
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
changes in self-monitoring
self-monitoring will be assessed using a self-reported questionnaire with four items. All items are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (not at all true) to 5 (totally true)
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
changes in intention
Behavioral intention will be assessed using a self-reported questionnaire with four items. All items are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree)
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
changes in perceived social support
perceived social support will be assessed using a self-reported questionnaire with three items. All items are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree)
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
Changes in Community Periodontal Index (CPI)
The CPI scores are rated (0 = healthy gingiva, 1 = gingival bleeding, 2 = calculus, 3 = pocket from 4 to 5 mm, and 4 = pocket ≥6 mm
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
Changes in Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index
The amount of plaque on each enamel block for each lingual and buccal surface is rated on a six point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (no plaque) to 5 (plaque covering two-thirds or more of the crown of the tooth).
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
Changes in Oral health related quality of life
The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory TM (PedsQLTM) Oral Health Scale is used to examine Oral health related quality of life. The scale comprises five items. All responses are reverse scored and transformed into a 0-100-point scale with higher scores representing better Oral health related quality of life.
Time frame: baseline, 1 Months, 6 months follow-up
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