The central scientific premise of the proposed study is that sleep disruption (SD) will influence individuals' subjective response to blinded medication administration. The investigators further believe these responses will vary among patients who have chronic low back pain (CLBP) vs. healthy controls, and that sex will moderate effects. The proposed study evaluates whether CLBP patients' subjective responses to study medication administration are altered by SD. The investigators focus on two outcome domains: abuse liability (i.e., drug liking and valuation) and response to pain testing. The investigators propose a mixed between-within randomized crossover human-laboratory experiment that investigates placebo-controlled effects of study medication on 1) abuse liability metrics (Drug Liking and Monetary Valuation) and 2) response to laboratory-evoked standardized pain measures, after one night of uninterrupted sleep (US) and again after one night of SD. The investigators will recruit both CLBP patients(\*) and healthy controls (N = 60). (\*) We originally aimed to accrue 60 subjects with CLBP. However, we have been granted approval by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) to reduce expectations for the target N for the CLBP cohort. We are no longer expected to recruit N=60 CLBP participants; this is a COVID-19 modification, and we are not required to re-do a power analysis.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
109
On the day after each sleep condition (Uninterrupted Sleep and Sleep Disruption), participants will undergo multiple injections of study medication or placebo. This is a double-blind within-subject Phase II trial. As such, study medications must remain blinded. Participants may receive a medication from one or more of the following categories: prescription stimulants, prescription benzodiazepines, prescription opioids, prescription cannabinoids, over-the-counter medications, or placebo (saline). This study uses a within-subject design, such that participants serve as participants' own control.
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Drug Liking as assessed by the Visual Analog Scale
Visual Analog Scale (0-100), where 0=None and 100 = Extremely , in response to the question, "Do you like the drug?"
Time frame: up to 420 minute post-medication administration
Heat Pain Threshold
A thermode will gradually increase in temperature until the participant indicates when it "first feels painful". The outcome will be the temperature (degrees Celsius) at which the participant indicates they first feel pain.
Time frame: up to 420 minute post-medication administration
Suprathreshold Tonic Heat Pain
A painful temperature above threshold will be held tonically for a period of time, after which pain ratings are obtained on a 0-100 numerical rating scale, where 0 = "No Pain" and 100 = "Worst Pain Imaginable."
Time frame: up to 420 minute post-medication administration
Monetary Valuation of Drug as assessed by the Drug vs. Money Multiple Choice Questionnaire
Participants are presented with an array of choices (in dollar value) which they will compare to the option of receiving study drug. They will decide for each choice whether they would take the money (at that value) or the drug they received in the session. The outcome will be the "crossover point", which is the mean of the last price that the participant selected "drug" and the first price at which the participant selected "money".
Time frame: up to 420 minute post-medication administration
Good Drug Effects as assessed by the Visual Analog Scale
Visual Analog Scale (0-100), where 0=None and 100 = Extremely , in response to the question, "Does the drug have any good effects?"
Time frame: up to 420 minute post-medication administration
Bad Drug Effects as assessed by the Visual Analog Scale
Visual Analog Scale (0-100), where 0=None and 100 = Extremely , in response to the question, "Does the drug have any bad effects?"
Time frame: up to 420 minute post-medication administration
Level of "Highness" as assessed by Visual Analog Scale
Visual Analog Scale (0-100), where 0=None and 100 = Extremely , in response to the question, "How high are you?"
Time frame: up to 420 minute post-medication administration
Feeling of Sickness as assessed by Visual Analog Scale
Visual Analog Scale (0-100), where 0=None and 100 = Extremely , in response to the question, "Does this drug make you feel sick?"
Time frame: up to 420 minute post-medication administration
Clinical Pain
This will be rated on a 0-100 Numerical Rating Scale, where 0 = "No Pain" and 100 = "Worst Pain Imaginable."
Time frame: up to 420 minute post-medication administration
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