The purpose of this study is to understand the use of brief, personalized music interventions to decrease pain. Persisting and recurring pain is devastating to individuals and society. The worry and anxiety people feel while experiencing chronic pain may increase how much pain they feel. Enjoyable music feels good and affects brain chemicals in a way that can lessen feelings of pain. Music that feels good can also lower the anxiety and worry that accompany chronic pain which may play a role in the pain relief music provides.
Chronic pain is devastating to individuals and society. Individuals who experience chronic pain have poorer health outcomes, utilize increased healthcare resources and have higher rates of disability. At present, treatment of chronic pain is limited to behavioral interventions and pharmacologic interventions. Many individuals with chronic pain will use opioid analgesics at some point in the continuum of pain. Prolonged use of opioid analgesics--even for durations as short as 3 days puts individuals at risk for nonmedical opioid use, addiction, and may fuel transitions from oral opioids to heroin. Outside of the original insult precipitating chronic pain, increasing evidence suggests that individual factors such as anxiety and catastrophizing are associated with development of chronic pain and increased painful response to stimuli. It is therefore suggestive that treating underlying causes of anxiety and catastrophizing may lead to novel adjunctive therapies to manage chronic pain. Music is emotive and known to modulate affect. Music that "feels good" has been described to modulate the dopaminergic and serotonin reward pathways in the brain thereby improving positive affect. Improved affect counteracts negatively valenced affect like depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing, and may be able to modulate the individual response to pain. The purpose of this pilot study is to investigate the acceptability and feasibility of a smartphone-based app on healthy volunteers. In order to measure the impact of the music app on individual responses to pain, the investigators will use quantitative sensory testing (QST) to induce a mild-moderate, standardized pain stimulus, and measure participants' pain in the absence and presence of this music intervention. The QST is a 10 minute session that includes a set of sensory tests, which elicit a mild to moderate painful response, including a pressure pain threshold and tolerance using a handheld digital algometer, the temporal summation of pain using a set of weighted pinprick probes, and immersing hand in cold water. Primary outcome will be the modulation of pain scores by music, and secondary outcomes will include the impact of music on anxiety and catastrophizing, using brief, validated questionnaires, and whether changes in these measures of affect mediate any impact on pain processing.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
60
The smartphone-based music intervention (Unwind) is a music protocol that gathers basic information from the patient including a 0-10 pain scale and 0-10 anxiety scale as well as recorded heart rate. Using these variables, a machine learning protocol pieces together a music intervention between 5-20 minutes long. The duration of the intervention can be controlled by the patient or experimenter. No identifying data is kept on the smartphone.
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Brookline, Massachusetts, United States
Changes in Pain Sensitivity in the Presence of Music
Change in pain sensitivity, measured as a difference in the temporal summation of pain with a mechanical stimulus between a control and music condition of testing.
Time frame: 40 minutes
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