The aim of this project is to investigate whether enhancing sleep intensity locally in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) can counteract a deterioration of cognitive control and therefore the previously described increase in risk seeking during chronic sleep restriction. To this end, a controlled, counter-balanced study, consisting of two weeks of sleep restriction will be performed. During one of the sleep restriction weeks, sleep intensity in the PFC will be non-invasively enhanced by acoustic stimulation of slow waves during sleep.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
28
Time in bed will be restricted to 5 hours per night for 7 nights.
Brief tones will be presented time-locked to ongoing slow waves during deep sleep.
University Hospital Zurich
Zurich, Canton of Zurich, Switzerland
risk-premium
risk-preference (i.e. risk premium assessed with the risk Task as described in Maric et al. 2017 Ann Neurol) after chronic sleep restriction with and without acoustic Stimulation will be quantified by the risk-premium derived from the choices made in the risk-task as described in Maric et al. 2017 Ann Neurol.
Time frame: comparison of change from baseline after 7 nights of sleep restriction with acoustic stimulation to change from baseline after 7 nights of sleep restriction without acoustic stimulation
high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) marker of sleep pressure
Slow wave activity (SWA) assessed by hd-EEG with 128 electrodes
Time frame: assessed during first and last sleep restriction nights in comparison to baseline values
brain metabolites
Glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration in the right prefrontal Cortex assessed by magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy
Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation
vigilance measures
Performance impairments in the psychomotor-vigilance task
Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation
deception willingness
deception willingness measured by the willingness to deception of outcome in a card game with binary outcome (win and loss)
Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation
Motor inhibitory control performance
inhibitory control performance measured by the stop-signal-task.
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Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation
confidence
overconfidence measured by an incentivised procedure that elicits the certainity equivalent of a bet based on Performance in a quiz (cf. Murad et al. 2016 J Risk Uncertain)
Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation
overconfidence
overconfidence measured by an incentivised procedure that elicits the certainity equivalent of a bet based on Performance in a quiz (cf. Murad et al. 2016 J Risk Uncertain)
Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation
impulsivity
impulsivity as measured by an intertemporal choice Task.
Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation
Ocular inhibitory control performance
Ocular inhibitory control Performance measured by the Anti-Saccade Task.
Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation
Effort in inhibitory control performance
Pupil response (i.e. dilation) during a simple Go/No-Go Task.
Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation
Excessive daytime sleepiness
Excessive daytime sleepiness assessed by the Epworth sleepiness scale and the Stanford Sleepiness Scale.
Time frame: before to after 7 nights of sleep restriction with and without acoustic stimulation