Study to measure the ability of a 'fenestrated' venous line cannula to reduce the negative line pressure seen with kinetic-assist active venous drainage (KAVD) in a standard miniaturised cardiopulmonary bypass circuit and thereby increase the flow characteristics of the bypass pump.
To investigate whether a new venous drainage pipe (cannula) which has three sets of drainage holes (three-stage) compared with the standard two-stage cannula, or a three-stage which also has additional windows (fenestrations), can improve the drainage of blood into the circuit, reducing the negative pressure produced and increase the blood flow delivered to the patient. Patients who consent to participate will be randomly assigned to one of three types of venous cannula: 1. Standard venous cannulation with a two-stage venous cannula 2. The three-stage cannula (91437C, Medtronic) 3. The fenestrated three-stage cannula (MC2X, Medtronic)
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
48
venous cannula
venous cannula
venous cannula
Average blood flow
Average blood flow measured in litres per minute per body surface area meter (squared).
Time frame: duration of surgery
Negative pressure readings
The duration and depth of negative pressure readings from the venous line during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are made in negative pressure readings in mmHg.
Time frame: duration of surgery
Number of microbubbles
Measured as total count (n).
Time frame: duration of surgery
Size of microbubbles
Measured as total volume (ml).
Time frame: duration of surgery
Haemolysis
Differences in the rate of haemolysis associated with the cannula is measured by the relative increase in plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration U/l, as a percentage change from baseline at each of 3 later timepoints.
Time frame: duration of surgery
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