Systemic Cross-talk Between Brain, Gut, and Peripheral Tissues in Glucose Homeostasis: Effects of Exercise Training

University of Turku24 enrolled

Overview

Obesity and insulin resistance are worldwide epidemic and taking a major public health toll. Obesity also increases the risk for cognitive impairment which is also an increasing medical, societal, and economic challenge. The ultimate goal of this proposal is to develop a statistical model to assess systemic cross-talk between brain, peripheral tissues, gut microbiota and glucose metabolism. Integrated with exercise training intervention the results will be utilized to provide disease risk profiling and personalized predictions of exercise training as a drug free treatment for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Obesity Insulin Resistance Type2 Diabetes Exercise Training

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 30 YearsMax age: 75 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * monozygotic twins * body mass index (BMI) difference ≥ 2 kg/m2 and/or type 2 diabetes * At least one co-twin is overweight (BMI \> 25 kg/m2) Exclusion Criteria: * BMI \> 60 kg/m2 * body weight \> 170 kg * waist circumference \> 150 cm * mental disorder or poor compliance * eating disorder or excessive use of alcohol * active ulcus disease * diabetes requiring insulin treatment or fasting glucose \> 10 mmol/l * pregnancy * past dose of radiation * claustrophobia * presence of ferromagnetic objects that would make MRI contraindicated

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Effects of exercise training - brain glucose uptake

Brain glucose uptake (micromol/100g/min) is measured with positron emission tomography (PET) with \[18F\]-labelled fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) tracer.