Acute Health Effects of Short-term Use of E-cigarettes on Pulmonary and Cardiovascular System

Medical University of Silesia120 enrolled

Overview

The goal of our study was to assess acute, short term respiratory (airflow, FeNO, O2 saturation, exhaled air temperature) and cardiovascular (heart rate, blood pressure) responses to smoking an e-cigarette in exclusive e-smokers and dual users and to compare these effects with responses to smoking a tobacco-cigarette in exclusive tobacco smokers.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

NON_RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

120

Conditions

E-cigarette

Interventions

Cigarette smokingBEHAVIORAL

T-smokers were asked to smoke a cigarette of one of the popular brands (0.6mg nicotine per one cigarette) according to their everyday habits.

E-cigarette useBEHAVIORAL

E-smokers and dual users were instructed to use e-cigarettes (12 mg/ml nicotine) in accordance with everyday habits for 5 minutes.

Simulation of the use of e-cigaretteBEHAVIORAL

The control subjects were asked to simulate the use of e-cigarettes (a device without e-liquid where aerosol was not created or inhaled).

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 30 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: \- smoking status (cigarette or e-cigarette smoking) Exclusion Criteria: * occurrence of any chronic diseases, * history of lung conditions (eg.: asthma or bronchial hyperactivity in childhood), * presence of any allergic diseases, * medication intake within the last 2 weeks, * acute illnesses or infections in the last 2 weeks, * influenza vaccination in the last 2 weeks, * or current pregnancy or lactation.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

O2 saturation

The O2 measurement was made in the sitting position using the PULSOX 2 electronic pulse meter. The result was recorded 15 seconds after the start of the measurement.

Time frame: pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure)

Concentration of nitric oxide (FeNO)

FeNO measurements were made using the standard procedure in the sitting position with a clip attached to the nose using a NIOX MINO device for measuring fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Subjects were instructed to breathe as deeply as possible through the mouthpiece to achieve maximum lung filling and then to exhale 50ml/sec for 10s. The measured FeNO values were expressed in ppb (parts per billion).

Time frame: pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure)

exhaled carbon monoxide (CO)

During the measurement, requirements regarding the length and intensity of the exhalation were taken into account. The measurements were made using the PiCo Smokylyzer device. The measured CO levels were expressed in ppm (parts per million).

Time frame: pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure)

temperature of exhaled air

The measurement was made using the standard procedure in the sitting position using an X-Halo Breath Thermometer \[20\]. Respondents were instructed to breathe according to the procedure recommended by the device manufacturer. The temperature of exhaled air was expressed in Celsius degrees (°C).

Time frame: pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure)

spirometric testing

Airflow and lung volume were measured in the sitting position with a noseclip according to the ATS/ERS guidelines. The measurements were made using the EasyOne 2001 spirometer and included FEV1, FVC, FEV1% FVC, PEF and MEF75,50,25. Expiratory maneuvers were repeated until a minimum of three technically correct, repeatable measurements were obtained.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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