Near-Infrared Image Guided Surgical Resection With Indocyanine Green in Treating Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: * Documentation of a head and neck cancer diagnosis as evidenced by tissue biopsy. * Patients diagnosed with any T stage, any subsite within the head and neck that are scheduled to undergo surgical resection. Patients with recurrent disease or a new primary will be allowed. * Planned standard of care surgery with curative intent for squamous cell carcinoma. * Have life expectancy of more than 12 weeks. * Karnofsky performance status of at least 70% or Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)/Zubrod level 1. * Hemoglobin \>= 9 gm/dL. * White blood cell count \> 3000/mm\^3. * Platelet count \>= 100,000/mm\^3. * Serum creatinine =\< 1.5 mg/dL. * Liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase \[AST\], alanine aminotransferase \[ALT\], and total bilirubin) =\< 1.5 times the upper reference range. * Written informed consent (and assent when applicable) obtained from subject or subject?s legal representative and ability for subject to comply with the requirements of the study. * Agree to not have radioactive iodine uptake studies done within 1 week of indocyanine green. Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnant, breastfeeding, or unwilling to practice birth control during participation in the study. * Allergy to iodine or iodinated materials. * Presence of a condition or abnormality that in the opinion of the investigator would compromise the safety of the patient or the quality of the data. * Myocardial infarction (MI); cerebrovascular accident (CVA); uncontrolled congestive heart failure (CHF); significant liver disease; or unstable angina within 6 months prior to enrollment.