Indirect Pulp Treatment in Primary Molars

Inclusion criteria: In compliance with AAPD, 2017 guidelines for pulp therapy "IPT is indicated in a primary tooth with no pulpitis or with reversible pulpitis when the deepest carious dentin is not removed to avoid a pulp exposure. The pulp is judged by clinical and radiographic criteria to be vital and able to heal from the carious insult" In addition to: I-Subjects: 1. Medically free children, their parent(s) accepts to sign the informed consent. 2. Age range from 4-8 years. II-Molars: 1. Presence of at least 1 primary molar with deep carious lesion extending to more than one half of the dentin on radiographic examination (to make the trial regardless of number of carious molars). 2. Clinically: Normal mobility and normal appearance of gingiva (vital teeth). 3. Radiographically: Normal roots without physiological resorption, normal lamina dura and normal periodontal membrane space (indicated for IPT). Exclusion criteria: I-Subjects: 1. Uncooperative children. 2. Parents unable to attend follow up visits (even after explaining the importance of recall visits). II-Molars: 1. History of spontaneous pain (to exclude reversible pulpitis). 2. Clinically: Presence of swelling, sinus, fistula or tooth mobility (to exclude non vital teeth). 3. Radiographically: Presence of radiolucent lesions at furcation or periapical region or external or internal resorption (to exclude teeth not indicated for IPT).