This study aims to measure changes in participants' blood phenylalanine (Phe) levels in participants with PKU when switching from a conventional amino acid based protein substitute to a GMP based protein substitute (PKU Sphere) over a 16 week period.
This is a stepped wedge, open-label study of PKU Sphere for the dietary management of participants with Phenylketonuria. It will be carried out with 33 participants who will be randomised into one of three clusters. The total study length per patient is 16 weeks. Each cluster transitions from taking their standard amino acid product alone to incorporating PKU Sphere (at least 50% of their protein substitue requirement) at different timepoints: week 5, 9 or 13. Participants will have a face-to-face clinical review at the time of recruitment (week 0) and at 16 weeks (completion of the study). They will also have an additional telephone review when they switch onto PKU Sphere. Blood samples will be taken at baseline, and then every two weeks for the duration of the study. In addition to these study visits and procedures, routine clinical care will continue in line with local guidelines.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
15
PKU sphere is a powdered, low phenylalanine protein substitute containing a balanced mix of casein glycomacropeptide (GMP) isolate, essential and non-essential amino acids, carbohydrate, vitamins, minerals and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). With sugar and sweetener.
Kreiskliniken Reutlingen
Reutlingen, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
Change in blood Phe
Change in blood Phe concentrations when switching from an amino acid based protein substitute to a GMP based one (PKU Sphere). A minimum of five (5) blood samples (including a baseline measurement and one from each treatment arm) will be required for a patient to be included in the final analysis.
Time frame: Baseline (week 0) and weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16.
Change in blood tyrosine
Impact of a GMP based protein substitute on blood tyrosine levels. A minimum of five (5) blood samples (including a baseline measurement and one from each treatment arm) will be required for a patient to be included in the final analysis.
Time frame: Baseline (week 0) and weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16.
Dietary intake
Compliance with a low protein diet - 3-day food diary.
Time frame: Weeks 1 and 16.
Protein substitute intake
Compliance with the recommended volume of protein substitute - 3-day protein substitute diary.
Time frame: Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16
Stool patterns
3-day diary noting stool type (Bristol stool chart).
Time frame: Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16
Satiety questionnaire
Short questionnaire asking participants to consider their satiety levels over the last 7 days, asking them if it has increased, stayed the same or decreased. Questionnaire validated as part of a bachelor thesis.
Time frame: Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16
Acceptance questionnaire
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Questionnaire to collect information about taste, odour and practicability of the protein substitutes. The questions are answered on a scale of 1 (bad) to 5 or 6 (good). Questionnaire validated as part of a bachelor thesis.
Time frame: Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16
Gastrointestinal symptoms questionnaire
Short questionnaire asking participants to consider their general gastrointestinal health over the previous 7 days. The occurrence of various GI symptoms are given as never, rare, often or always. Questionnaire validated as part of a bachelor thesis.
Time frame: Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16