Effects of Microcrystalline Titanium Dioxide With Covalently Linked Monovalent Silver Ions on Complications After Total Hysterectomy

Overview

Total hysterectomy is one of the most performed surgical procedures in the world and it is associated with post-operative complications. The postoperative morbidity rate is estimated to vary from 3% to 8% with a readmission rate of 5-7%. The most frequent postoperative complications are urinary tract infections, wound infection of the vaginal vault, vault cellulitis, bleeding, suture dehiscence, pelvic abscess. The introduction of routine antibiotic prophylaxis has significantly reduced the risk of infectious complications, which however remains higher than other "clean" surgery, mainly due to contamination by the vaginal bacterial flora. In this scenario, the introduction of adjuvant factors acting on bacterial flora, can contribute to reduce the risk of post-surgical complications. The cationic silver ions (Ag +) stabilized by covalent link with Titanium dioxide (TiO2), the TIAB, maximizes the properties of silver by optimizing the antibiotic action and disruptive properties of the pathogenic biofilm of bacteria and fungi. Thanks to these properties, TIAB is able to enhance the antibiotic action by reducing the risk of antibiotic resistance and recurrent infections linked to the biofilm. Re-establishing the optimal vaginal microenvironment represents a fundamental step reducing the risk of infections in the surgical site, since the vagina is a non-sterile environment populated by bacterial species that can generate biofilm and potentially infect the site of surgery. In addition to microbicidal and disruptive biofilm activity, TIAB has demonstrated a direct action on tissue regeneration processes by stimulating the production of collagen and its modeling. Different clinical trials have reported a cicatrizing and re-epithelializing action of TIAB administered vaginally in the context of cervical conization for pathology related to HPV. Without showing any notable adverse effects or a negative action on lactobacillary flora with an overall good therapy tolerance by patients. On the basis of the available evidence, we conduct a randomized controlled clinical trial to determine if TIAB treatment in the formulation of vaginal capsules TIAGIN (TIAB (microcrystalline titanium dioxide with covalently linked monovalent silver ions), Sodium Hyaluronate, Aloe Barbadensis Extract) is able to reduce the incidence of infectious complications, that are related to altered healing of post-hysterectomy vaginal suture.