Deficits in postural control are increasingly recognized among the important secondary impairments in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are conflicting results regarding the effect of inspiratory muscle training in improvement of inspiratory muscle strength, endurance, and dyspnea in stable COPD patients. The main inspiratory muscle, the diaphragm has also a stabilizing function of the trunk. The aim of this study to enhance postural control of COPD patients with improving the stability of the trunk by using inspiratory muscle training.
The study is a randomized controlled trial in patients with stable COPD. The participants are divided into two groups. Patients in the inspiratory muscle training (IMT) group take part in a complex pulmonary rehabilitation program containing breathing exercises, bicycle ergometer conditionings, relaxations, strength and endurance trainings completed by inspiratory muscle training. The members of the IMT group use the POWERbreathe Medic device. The control group perform the complex pulmonary rehabilitation program without IMT. The program is divided into 3 weeks inpatient period and 3 weeks home period. Before, between and after the 3 weeks period all subjects are measured. 60 patients are planned to take part in the investigation. The inspiratory muscle strength is measured by POWERbreathe K1 device. Balance is assessed by functional balance tests: Timed Up and Go Test, Four Square Step Test, Modified Functional Reach Test, Modified Lateral Reach Test, Stand Up Test. Body Sway is measured by HR Mat VersaTek System. The diameter of the diaphragm muscle is assessed by B-mode ultrasound examination using Zonare Z. One Ultrasound System. Arterial stiffness parameters measured by Arteriograph.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
40
Complex pulmonary rehabilitation program containing breathing exercises, bicycle ergometer conditionings, relaxations, strength and endurance trainings.
The training program contains strengthening exercises on the diaphragm muscle.
University of Szeged
Szeged, Csongrád megye, Hungary
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure
The inspiratory pressure generated against a completely occluded airway; used to evaluate inspiratory respiratory muscle strength and readiness for weaning from A maximum inspiratory pressure is measured in H2Ocm. MIP is measured with POWERbreathe K1
Time frame: 6 weeks
Timed Up and Go Test
Timed Up and Go: It uses the time that a person takes to rise from a chair, walk three meters, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Four Square Step Test
Four Square Step Test: The subject is required to sequentially step over four canes set-up in a cross configuration on the ground. The aim is to step as fast as possible into each square with both feet.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Modified Functional Reach Test
Modified Functional Reach Test: The MFRT assesses a patient's stability by measuring the maximum distance an individual can reach forward while sitting in a fixed position.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Modified Lateral Reach Test
Modified Lateral Reach Test: The MLRT assesses a patient's stability by measuring the maximum distance an individual can reach side direction while sitting in a fixed position.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Stand Up Test
Stand Up Test: Individual stand up from tailor sit from the floor as fast as possible.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Sway analysis: COF area (cm2)
Sway is the oscillating movement of the body, while posture is the relative alignment and orientation of the segments of the body. Sway analysis is a systematic assessment of the readiness and stability of the human body to achieve and maintain equilibrium. Area and direction of sway, elliptical pattern of sway, distance and direction traveled by Center of Force (CoF) is measured with HR Mat VersaTek System.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Sway analysis: COF distance (cm)
Sway is the oscillating movement of the body, while posture is the relative alignment and orientation of the segments of the body. Sway analysis is a systematic assessment of the readiness and stability of the human body to achieve and maintain equilibrium. Area and direction of sway, elliptical pattern of sway, distance and direction traveled by Center of Force (CoF) is measured with HR Mat VersaTek System.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Sway analysis: COF variability (cm)
Sway is the oscillating movement of the body, while posture is the relative alignment and orientation of the segments of the body. Sway analysis is a systematic assessment of the readiness and stability of the human body to achieve and maintain equilibrium. Area and direction of sway, elliptical pattern of sway, distance and direction traveled by Center of Force (CoF) is measured with HR Mat VersaTek System.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Sway analysis: COF A-P excursion (cm)
Sway is the oscillating movement of the body, while posture is the relative alignment and orientation of the segments of the body. Sway analysis is a systematic assessment of the readiness and stability of the human body to achieve and maintain equilibrium. Area and direction of sway, elliptical pattern of sway, distance and direction traveled by Center of Force (CoF) is measured with HR Mat VersaTek System.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Sway analysis: COF L-R excursion (cm)
Sway is the oscillating movement of the body, while posture is the relative alignment and orientation of the segments of the body. Sway analysis is a systematic assessment of the readiness and stability of the human body to achieve and maintain equilibrium. Area and direction of sway, elliptical pattern of sway, distance and direction traveled by Center of Force (CoF) is measured with HR Mat VersaTek System.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Thickness of the diaphragm muscle's belly
The diameter of the diaphragm muscle is assessed by B-mode ultrasound examination using Zonare Z. One Ultrasound System.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Vibration Sense Testing
Tuning fork is used to evaluate the deep sensation.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Pulse wave velocity
Pulse wave velocity is measured with Arteriograph.
Time frame: 6 weeks
Augmentation index
Augmentation index is measured with Arteriograph
Time frame: 6 weeks
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