This study will be conducted on 273 patients of ASA grade I and II aged from 25 to 55 years and presented for elective vaginal surgeries such as vaginal hysterectomy, repair of prolapse Patients will be divided into three equal groups; group A control group for conventional epidural technique(n=91), group B for dural puncture epidural with 27G pencil point Whitacre spinal needle (n=91) and group C for dural puncture epidural with 25G pencil point Whitacre spinal needle(n=91). Randomization will be done using computer generated number and concealed using sequentially numbered sealed opaque envelope.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
273
Standard Lumbar Epidural Technique at L4-5 inter-space using 0.5%Bupivacaine and Fentanyl.
25G Dural Puncture Epidural Technique at L4-5 inter-space using 0.5%Bupivacaine and Fentanyl.
27G Dural Puncture Epidural Technique at L4-5 inter-space using 0.5%Bupivacaine and Fentanyl.
Department of Anesthesia, Surgical ICU, and Pain Management
Cairo, Egypt
Reham Ali Abdelrahman
Cairo, Egypt
incidence of bilateral sacral blockade
Sensory blockade was evaluated using a non-traumatic pinprick stimulus starting at the S2 dermatome and moving in a caudad direction (measured every 2 minutes)
Time frame: Up to 30 minutes after local anesthetic injection
Onset of sensory blockade
Time frame: Up to 30 minutes after local anesthetic injection
Maximum achieved sensory level
Time frame: Up to 30 minutes after local anesthetic injection
Time to achieve the maximum sensory level
Time frame: Up to 30 minutes after local anesthetic injection
Onset of motor blockade
Time frame: Up to 30 minutes after local anesthetic injection
Time to complete motor block
Time frame: Up to 30 minutes after local anesthetic injection
Duration of sensory block
Time to two segmental dermatomes regression
Time frame: Assessed every 20 minutes after achieving highest dermatome level of sensory analgesia
Duration of motor block
Time interval from achievement of Bromage 1 to regression of motor blockade to Bromage 1
Time frame: Assessed every 20 minutes after achieving Bromage 3 motor block
Duration of analgesia
Time from onset of sensory block to first complain of pain postoperatively as the epidural catheter will be removed after the surgery finished
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Time frame: Time for requirement for rescue analgesia or VAS pain score >3 as postoperatively
Number of epidural top-ups
Time frame: Number of extra doses of local anesthetic given after injection of local anesthetic loading dose till end of the surgery
Sedation score
Time frame: Assessed every 20 minutes during the surgical procedure and postoperatively
Hemodynamic parameters
Time frame: Assessed every 5 minutes from the start of anesthetic procedures till transfer the patients to the rooms
Perioperative side effects
Time frame: During surgical period up to 7 days post-operatively