Percutaneous Device Closure for Significant Paravalvular Leakage After Transcatheter or Surgical Valve Replacement

Inclusion Criteria: * Significant Paravalvular Leakage After Transcatheter or Surgical Valve Replacement * Required treatment of paravalvular leakage due to heart failure or hemolysis * There is a formal agreement of heart team as following * predicted high-risk (STS score ≥8 OR Logistic EuroSCORE ≥20% OR operative mortality is ≥15%) * Inoperable status due to old age or frailty * Written consent Exclusion Criteria: * Risk of valve embolization because of valve dehiscence or instability * Acute myocardial ischemia (enzyme elevation, ST elevation on EKG(electrocardiogram), or chest pain/discomfort) * Evidence of intracardiac mass, thrombus or vegetation on Transthoracic/Transesophageal echocardiographic study * Life expectancy less than 6 months due to non-cardiac disease * Pregnant or breastfeeding