This study aims to examine whether greater length of mindfulness practice results in more beneficial outcomes.
This study will randomise participants to one of three groups: (1) four sessions of medium length mindfulness practice (lasting 20 mins) and 5 mins of an audio book; (2) four sessions of brief mindfulness practice (lasting 5 mins) and 20 mins of an audio book; and (3) a control group who just receive 4 sessions of audio book (lasting 25 mins). In the mindfulness arms, in each session, the participants will receive the audio book prior to the mindfulness practice. Mindfulness levels, and depression, anxiety and stress will be measured by self-report at baseline, session by session, and at post-intervention.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
71
A 20 minute audio guided mindfulness of breathing practice per session, for four sessions.
A 5 minute audio guided mindfulness of breathing practice per session, for four sessions.
5 minutes from an audio book by Bill Bryson ('A Short History of Nearly Everything') per session, for four sessions.
Canterbury Christ Church University
Royal Tunbridge Wells, Kent, United Kingdom
Change from baseline at post-intervention (week 3) on the Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire -15 item version (FFMQ-15)
The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire -15 item version is a self-report measure of mindfulness, producing a total score between 15 and 75, with higher scores indicating greater levels of mindfulness. (Note that the observe subscale will be excluded from the calculation of the total score, as recommended in https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21865 and http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pas0000263 producing a total score between 12 and 60).
Time frame: Post-intervention (3 weeks after baseline).
Change from baseline at post-intervention (week 3) on the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 item version (DASS-21).
The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 is a self-report measure of depression, anxiety and stress, producing a total score between 0 and 63, with higher scores indicating greater symptomatology.
Time frame: Post-intervention (3 weeks after baseline).
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20 minutes from an audio book by Bill Bryson ('A Short History of Nearly Everything'), per session, for four sessions.
25 minutes from an audio book by Bill Bryson ('A Short History of Nearly Everything'), per session, for four sessions.