Proper preoperative sedation can reduce patients' anxiety, enhance patients' cooperation and reduce perioperative complications. The investigators would explore the sedative effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) with the administration of oral, intravenous and nasal drops, and detect DEX blood concentration in 15 participants, respectively. Pharmacokinetic parameters are detected at 8 time points ( before DEX administration, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60min, 90min and 120 min after administration). 3 ml arterial blood was collected at each time point. The blood samples are detected by mass spectrometer. The aim of this study is to investigate appropriate administration time and route for DEX sedation.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
45
oral, intravenous and nasal administration of Dexmedetomidine
Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital
Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China
Dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetic curve
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) blood concentration are detected at 8 time points (before DEX administration, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60min, 90min and 120 min after administration) in the groups of oral, intravenous and nasal drops administration of DEX. 3 ml arterial blood was collected at each time point. The blood samples are detected by mass spectrometer to detect blood concentration of DEX. Then DEX pharmacokinetic curve is made according to the DEX blood concentration.
Time frame: 120 min DEX pharmacokinetics
Effect of sedation
Evaluated with Ramsay sedation scale Score Response 1. Anxious or restless or both 2. Cooperative, orientated and tranquil 3. Responding to commands 4. Brisk response to stimulus 5. Sluggish response to stimulus 6. No response to stimulus
Time frame: 10min after administration
Evaluation of surgical field
Surgical field was evaluated according to the report Boezaart A.P.，van der Merwe J.，Coetzee A. Comparison of sodium nitroprusside- and esmolol-induced controlled hypotension for functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Can J Anaesth，1995，42(5 Pt 1): 373-376. 0 No bleeding. 1. Slight bleeding - no suctioning of blood required. 2. Slight bleeding - occasional suctioning required. Surgical field not threatened. 3. Slight bleeding - frequent suctioning required. Bleeding threatens surgical field a few seconds after suction is removed. 4. Moderate bleeding - frequent suctioning required. Bleeding threatens surgical field directly after suction is removed. 5. Severe bleeding - constant suctioning required. Bleeding appears faster than can be removed by suction. Surgical field severely threatened and surgery not possible.
Time frame: 30min after administration
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