Antimicrobial Effect OF Propolis Administrated Through Two Different Vehicles In High Caries Risk Children

Nourhan M.Aly60 enrolled

Overview

Propolis is a natural product collected by bees to seal holes and repair structures in their hives. Recently it has attracted much attention as useful substance applied in medicine and cosmetics thanks to its antimicrobial properties. Contemporary dentistry is an inseparable part of medicine and therefore attempts were made to use propolis in dentistry, as well. Purpose of the study: to investigate the effect of propolis administered in chewing gum as compared to that incorporated in mouthwash on plaque accumulation, microbial population and patient acceptance.

The study is a two parallel arms randomized controlled clinical trial where 60 high caries risk children of 6-8 years will be selected from outpatient clinic of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, after securing the necessary consents. The children will be divided randomly into two equal groups (30 children each).

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Early Childhood Caries

Interventions

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 6 YearsMax age: 8 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients with high caries risk; who have any one of the following condition: visible cavities or radiographic penetration into the dentin, white spots on smooth surfaces, restorations within last three years due to caries. * Free of any systemic condition. * Cooperative children according to Frankl rating scale including positive and definitely positive scores. * Parental acceptance Exclusion Criteria: * Previous use of any propolis containing products. * Received any antibiotic 2 weeks before or during the study. * Oral infection that compromises the mastication process.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Change in Plaque Accumulation

All children will be examined clinically using the Plaque Control record (O' Leary, Darke and Naylor). The child will be asked to chew a disclosing tablet and let it mix with saliva for 30 seconds and spit it out. Each tooth is divided into 4 surfaces; the plaque accumulations on all surfaces will be scored. The number of positively scored units is divided by the total number of tooth surfaces evaluated, and the result is multiplied by 100 to express the index as a percentage.

Time frame: Baseline and after 2 weeks

Microbiological Sampling of Dental Plaque

On the day of sampling, each child will refrain from tooth brushing in the morning, eating or drinking (except water) at least two hours before sampling time. The plaque will be collected using sterilized toothpicks. Two plaque samples will be collected from each child. Anteriorly, this will be gathered from the buccal and palatal surface of the upper incisors and canines. While posteriorly, the plaque sample will be collected from the upper and lower molars. Finally, each plaque sample will be inoculated in separate vials; each vial contains 1 ml sterile brain heart infusion broth and will be sent to the lab. After 14 days, another plaque sample will be collected as previously mentioned.

Time frame: Baseline and after 2 weeks

Assessment of Patient's Acceptance

Using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).Each patient will receive the scale form and instructed to place a vertical mark according his or her personal rating of the preparation received during the treatment period on a horizontal line scaled from 0 to 10 where 0 presented for unacceptable and 10 for acceptable.

Time frame: After 2 weeks of treatment