Effects of Vitamin B3 Derivative Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) in Bone, Skeletal Muscle and Metabolic Functions in Aging

Inclusion Criteria: * Healthy elderly female subjects between 65 and 80 years of age Exclusion Criteria: * General Exclusion Criteria * Subjects who participate in regular structured exercise more than 2 hours and 30 min per week or 1hour and 15 min of vigorous exercise per week. * Unwilling to comply with the follow-up schedule * Inability or refusal to give informed consent by the patient * Subject who takes multivitamins containing vitamin B3 derivatives in a dose \> 200 mg/day * Participation in another investigational drug study within 1 year of treatment * Laboratory Exclusion Criteria * Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D \< 15 ng/ml * Serum phosphorus \> 5 mg/dL * Serum alkaline phosphatase 50% above normal limit * Serum aspartate transaminase 50% above normal limit * Serum calcium \> 10.5 mg/dL * Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) \< 30 mL/min Creatinine Clearance \< 50% * Poorly controlled Diabetes Mellitus (HbA1c\>8) * Clinical History Exclusion Criteria * Confirmed diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus in use of insulin * Subjects presenting systolic BP\>180 mmHg or a diastolic BP\>90 mmHg on initial evaluation * Previous diagnosis of liver disease * Previous chronic kidney disease stages III and IV * Malignancy * Malabsorption syndrome * Hypo- or Hyperparathyroidism * Acromegaly * Cushing's syndrome * Hypopituitarism * Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease * Congestive heart failure * Musculoskeletal disorder * History of rheumatoid arthritis * Previous gastric bypass surgery * Clinical history of osteoporotic fracture (spine, hip, or distal forearm) within past year * Extreme of BMI (≤ 18.5 kg/m2 or ≥ 40 kg/m2) * Medication Exclusion Criteria * History of methotrexate therapy * History of denosumab therapy * History of oral or inhaled corticosteroid use \> 3 months * Current use of anticoagulants in general * Anticonvulsant therapy (within previous year) * Sodium fluoride (any history) * Treatment within the past 3 years with bisphosphonates * Treatment within the past 3 years with parathyroid hormone * Treatment within the past 3 years with calcitonin * Treatment within the past 3 years with estrogen * Treatment within the past 3 years with selective estrogen receptor modulator