HMB Supplementation in Addition to Multicomponent Exercise in Old Adults

Change in Handgrip strength (kg)

Using a dynamometer

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in lower-body strength (kg)

Seated leg press one-repetition maximun test

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in upper-body strength (kg)

Vertical bench press one-repetition maximun test

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in lower-body strength power output (m/s)

Seated leg press load-velocity profile

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in upper-body strength power output (m/s)

Vertical bench press load-velocity profile

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in frailty (score)

Frailty phenotype determination using Fried's criteria

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in lean body mass (kg)

Change in lean body mass using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry

Time frame: Baseline to Week 25

Change in lipid profile

Plasma total, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides (all in mg/dL)

Time frame: Baseline to Week 25

Change in glycaemic profile

Plasma glucose, insulin and glycosylated haemoglobin (all in mg/dL)

Time frame: Baseline to Week 25

Change in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (mIU/L)

Time frame: Baseline to Week 25

Change in Disability (Lawton index scores)

Disability in instrumental activities of daily living.

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in Disability (Barthel index scores)

Disability in basic activities of daily living

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in Comorbidity (score)

When a participant presents two or more geriatric syndromes from a list of selected geriatric syndromes

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in cognitive function (score)

Using the Mini-Mental State Examination

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks

Change in depression (score)

Using the 15-item Yesavage geriatric depression

Time frame: Baseline to 25 Weeks