Temporal Relations and Exercise Interventions of Various Gait and Cognitive Domains in Older Adults

Taipei Medical University189 enrolled

Overview

The effectiveness of conventional exercise, tai chi chuan and health education/usual physical activity over a 6-month intervention period in improving primary outcomes and secondary outcomes in older mild cognitive impairment adults will be compared. Third, whether changes in serum levels of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and expression of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele parallel changes in gait characteristics and cognitive functions after the intervention will be examined.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

189

Conditions

Fallers Mild Cognitive Impairment

Interventions

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 65 YearsMax age: 100 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * At least 65 years old * Had an emergency department visit due to a fall at least 3 months prior to the baseline assessment (assuming a full recovery time from a fall to be 3 months) * Can ambulate independently * Has mild cognitive impairment Exclusion Criteria: * Do not live in a community setting * Cannot ambulate independently and communicate with researchers * Have a major unstable cardiopulmonary disease (e.g., ischemic chest pain, shortness of breath, recurrent syncopal episodes, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, palpitations, or tachycardia) * Have a contraindication to physical exercise (e.g., severe osteoarthritis or severe pulmonary hypertension)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Gait characteristics

Performance on six gait characteristics (velocity, cadence, stride length, swing time, stride length variability, and swing time variability) will be measured with a 6-m electronic walkway of GAITRite.

Time frame: 12 months

Global cognition

Global cognition will be assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The MMSE comprises 11 questions, and the score ranges 0\~30, with lower scores indicating poorer global cognition.

Time frame: 12 months

Serum levels of BDNF

Serum BDNF concentrations will be assessed.

Time frame: 12 months

Serum levels of IGF-1

Serum IGF-1 concentrations will be assessed.

Time frame: 12 months

Serum levels of VEGF

Serum VEGF concentrations will be assessed.

Time frame: 12 months

Secondary Outcomes

Tinetti balance

The Tinetti balance score ranges 0\~26, with a higher score indicating a better balance ability.

Time frame: 12 months

Mobility

The timed up and go test requires subjects to rise from a standard chair, walk a distance of 3 m, turn, walk back to the chair, and sit down. The time to complete the timed up and go will be recorded.

Time frame: 12 months

Muscle strength

Grip strength will be assessed via a handgrip dynamometer and measured in kilograms of isometric force.

Time frame: 12 months

Falls

number of falls and multiple falls

Time frame: 12 months

Depressive symptoms

Depressive symptoms will be assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).

Time frame: 12 months

Fear of falling

Fear of falling will be assessed using the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) test.

Time frame: 12 months

Temporal Relations and Exercise Interventions of Various Gait and Cognitive Domains in Older Adults

Overview

Conditions

Interventions

Eligibility

Locations (1)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes

Central Contacts