A single-blinded, randomized controlled trial is designed to compare the effects of social interaction, computerized cognitive training, lower extremity strengthening, and tai chi chuan on improving cognitive functions and gait/mobility and reducing falls among 228 subjects with mild cognitive impairment, in which the influence of adherence to the intervention programs will also be examined.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
252
Each session will last 60 min, consisting of 10 min of warm-up, 45 min of exercise, and a 5-min cool-down.
Attention, memory, speed of processing, and executive functioning.
Taipei Medical University
Taipei, Taiwan
RECRUITINGMattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS)
The Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS) contains five cognitive domains of attention, initiation/perseveration, construction, conceptualization, and memory, which specifically assess concentration, verbal fluency, visuospatial skills, analogical reasoning, and short-term memory, with score ranges for these domains of 0\~37, 0\~37, 0\~6, 0\~39, and 0\~25 points, respectively, and a total score range of 0\~144 points.
Time frame: 12 months
modified Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status (TICS-M)
The modified Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status (TICS-M) consists of the date of the interview, age, phone number, immediate and delayed word list recall, counting backward, responsive naming, word opposites, and repetition, with a total score range of 0\~50.
Time frame: 12 months
mobility
The timed up and go test requires subjects to rise from a standard chair, walk a distance of 3 m, turn, walk back to the chair, and sit down. The time to complete the timed up and go will be recorded.
Time frame: 12 months
balance
The Tinetti balance score ranges 0\~26, with a higher score indicating a better balance ability.
Time frame: 12 months
falls
number of falls and multiple falls
Time frame: 12 months
depressive symptoms
Depressive symptoms will be assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale.
Time frame: 12 months
fear of falling
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Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale assesses an individual's confidence in performing 16 common daily tasks without losing balance, and total scores of the ABC scale are determined by the accumulated average of each item score and range between 0 and 100, with lower scores indicating greater balance confidence.
Time frame: 12 months
activity of daily living (ADL)
The activity of daily living (ADL) scale consists of seven basic ADLs (self-feeding, self-dressing, grooming, walking, getting in/out of bed, bathing, and controlling the bladder) and seven instrumental ADLs (using a telephone, transporting oneself, shopping, preparing meals, doing housework, taking medication, and managing one's money). These items are graded as 0 points (inability), 1 point (needs some help), or 2 points (no help needed). The ADL score ranges from 0 to 28 points, with a lower score indicating greater activity disability.
Time frame: 12 months