This is a Phase 1, interventional, non-randomized, experimental infection model study with healthy adult males adults (N=32) between the ages of 18-36 at study enrollment. The study is designed to test the requirements of predicted N. gonorrhoeae virulence determinants for gonococcal infection in the male urethra. The duration for all participants will be about 3 weeks. Study duration will be approximately about 18 months for implementation and enrollment. The primary objectives of the present study are to: (1) compare infectivity of different isogenic mutants with wild-type (WT) N. gonorrhoeae in noncompetitive infections and to (2) assess relative fitness of the mutant in competitive infections initiated by inocula containing equivalent numbers of both WT and mutant strains for mutants with WT infectivity.
This is a Phase 1, interventional, non-randomized, experimental infection model study with healthy adult males adults (N=32) between the ages of 18-36 at study enrollment. The study is designed to test the requirements of predicted N. gonorrhoeae virulence determinants for gonococcal infection in the male urethra. For each mutant to be investigated under this protocol, groups of subjects will be enrolled first in noncompetitive infection studies: Group 1 (n = up to 8) will receive a bacterial inoculum containing only the isogenic mutant N. gonorrhoeae strain, and Group 2 (n = up to 8) will receive a bacterial inoculum containing only the wild-type (WT) N. gonorrhoeae strain. If primary and secondary outcomes are not different for the isogenic mutant and WT strains, a group of subjects will be enrolled in competitive infection studies: Group 3 (up to 16) will receive a bacterial inoculum containing a mixture of equivalent numbers the isogenic mutant and WT strain. All subjects will be examined daily for symptoms of infection and receive antibiotic treatment at the end of the inpatient portion of the trial. Within 7 days of antibiotic treatment, subjects will return for a follow-up examination. A final follow-up phone interview will be conducted within 2 weeks of antibiotic treatment. The duration for all participants will be about 3 weeks. Study duration will be approximately about 18 months for implementation and enrollment. The primary objectives of the present study are to: (1) compare infectivity of different isogenic mutants with wild-type (WT) N. gonorrhoeae in noncompetitive infections and to (2) assess relative fitness of the mutant in competitive infections initiated by inocula containing equivalent numbers of both WT and mutant strains for mutants with WT infectivity. Note, competitive infections will not be performed if non-competitive infections are substantially different. If this is the case, there will be no analysis for this primary objective. The study secondary objective is to compare the clinical course of infection with mutant and WT N. gonorrhoeae in noncompetitive infections.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
27
Mandatory rescue therapy consisting of cefixime 400 mg orally in a single dose: on patient request, at the onset of symptoms or on the 5th study day after inoculation.
Mandatory rescue therapy consisting of ceftriaxone 250 mg intramuscularly in a single dose: on patient request, at the onset of symptoms or on the 5th study day after inoculation.
Mandatory antibiotic treatment failure therapy: Ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally in a single dose: if the subject has a positie test of cure 1 week post initial antibiotic treatment
0.4 mL of a suspension containing 10\^5 - 10\^6 CFU of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, in phosphate-buffered saline, delivered to the anterior urethra through a No.8 pediatric French catheter.
0.4 mL of a suspension containing 10\^5 - 10\^6 CFU of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, in phosphate-buffered saline, delivered to the anterior urethra through a No.8 pediatric French catheter
University of North Carolina Health Care - Infectious Diseases
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
The Competitive Index of the Mutant Compared to Wild Type Proportion of Organisms With the Predicted Competitive Advantage Recovered From Urine and/or Urethral Swab Specimens From Infected Participants
The competitive index (CI) is defined by the ratio of colony forming units (cfu) of the two strains recovered from urine cultures on the day of treatment (output) compared to the ratio of strains in the inoculum (input): CI = mutant cfu(output)/wild-type cfu(output) ÷ mutant cfu(input)/wild-type cfu(input). The CI is used to assess whether the fitness of a given mutant is different than that of wild-type, and CI as a ratio is compared to 1. If it's not significantly different than 1, then no significant difference in the fitness was observed. Mutant or wild-type cfu values of 0 were replaced by 1 in the calculation of competitive index. The assessment was performed in the MtrD trial mixed group.
Time frame: Baseline and the day of treatment, any day between Day 2 and Day 6
Proportion of Participants That Become Infected as Defined by a Positive Urine or Urethral Swab Culture Among Infections Initiated With Individual N. Gonorrhoeae Strains in Non-competitive Infections
Infection is defined by a positive urine or urethral swab culture. The proportion of infected participants by Day 6 with N. gonorrhoeae was assessed in each trial by group among participants with non-competitive infections. Participants could become infected and received treatment any day before or on day 6.
Time frame: day of infection, any day between Day 2 and Day 6
Proportion of Participants That Become Infected as Defined by a Positive Urine or Urethral Swab Culture for Infections Initiated With Mixed Inocula
Infection is defined by a positive urine or urethral swab culture. The proportion of infected participants by Day 6 with N. gonorrhoeae was assessed in each trial among participants with infections initiated with mixed inocula. Participants could become infected and received treatment any day before or on day 6.
Time frame: day of infection, any day between Day 2 and Day 6
Median Time From Inoculation to Treatment Among Infected Participants by Day 6, by Strain, in Non-competitive Infections
The median time from inoculation to antibiotic treatment were calculated for each group.
Time frame: Day 2 through the day of treatment, up to Day 6
Proportion of Participants With Occurrence of Bacteriuria in Non-competitive Infections, by Strain
Bacteriuria is defined as Log10 cfu N. gonorrhoeae/mL urine sediment.
Time frame: Day of occurrence, any day between Day 2 and Day 6
Proportion of Participants With Occurrence of Signs and Symptoms of Urethritis Attributable to Gonococcal Infection in Non-competitive Infections, by Strain
Participants with any subjective symptoms or objective signs (observed urethral discharge) during period 01 (post-inoculation and before treatment which can occur on or before day 6) from the Solicited Events Form were captured.
Time frame: Day of occurrence, any day between Day 2 and Day 6
Proportion of Participants With Occurrence of Urethritis in Non-competitive Infections
Urethritis is defined as \>= 5.8 Log10 WBC/mL urine sediment.
Time frame: Day of occurrence, any day between Day 2 and Day 6
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