This is an independent, investigator-initiated, prospective multicenter observational study with restricted grant provided by Edwards Lifesciences that aims to describe baseline (preoperative) physical function and to assess and compare 6-month postoperative changes in the physical function of patients undergoing aortic stenosis (AS) treatment with either transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) implanted with Edwards valve type ("SAPIEN 3" and "SAPIEN XT" for TAVR; "INSPIRIS RESILIA", "EDWARDS INTUITY" and "Carpentier-Edwards PERIMOUNT Magna-Ease" for SAVR). Secondary objectives of this study are: to evaluate the validity of wearable devices in assessing physical function in such patients and subjects' compliance in wearing the device also after a very long follow-up time up to 12 months; to assess and compare 6-month postoperative changes in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), sleep quality, cognitive function of patients undergoing AS treatment with either TAVR or SAVR. Smart watch activity tracker "Vívoactive® HR" devices by "Garmin©" will be used in the study. Devices will be distributed to the patients at time of baseline assessment, along with a Bluetooth-paired smartphone provided with a prepaid data-only SIM-card and study-customised interface. Patients will be asked to wear the device 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, from the baseline assessment to the last follow-up, 12 months after baseline.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
340
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Surgical aortic valve replacement
Surgical aortic valve replacement
Surgical aortic valve replacement
Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova
Padua, PD, Italy
Azienda ULSS n.8 Berica, Vicenza - Ospedale San Bortolo
Vicenza, VI, Italy
6-minute walk test (6 MWT) at 1 month
The 6-min walk test (6 MWT) is a submaximal exercise test that entails measurement of distance walked over a span of 6 minutes. The 6-minute walk distance (6 MWD) provides a measure for integrated global response of multiple cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal systems involved in exercise.
Time frame: 1 month after treatment with TAVR/SAVR
6-minute walk test (6 MWT) at 3 months
The 6-min walk test (6 MWT) is a submaximal exercise test that entails measurement of distance walked over a span of 6 minutes. The 6-minute walk distance (6 MWD) provides a measure for integrated global response of multiple cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal systems involved in exercise.
Time frame: 3 months after treatment with TAVR/SAVR
6-minute walk test (6 MWT) at 6 months
The 6-min walk test (6 MWT) is a submaximal exercise test that entails measurement of distance walked over a span of 6 minutes. The 6-minute walk distance (6 MWD) provides a measure for integrated global response of multiple cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal systems involved in exercise.
Time frame: 6 months after treatment with TAVR/SAVR
validity of the device in measuring physical function
Differences of length between device measurements and observer measurements of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT)
Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with TAVR/SAVR
patients' compliance with the device
median hours/day ratio of data recorded combined with the median days/month ratio in which the device was actively collecting data; formula is \[(h/d)\*(d/m)\]
Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with TAVR/SAVR
Patient's perceived health status assessed by the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36)
The Short Form (36) Health Survey is a 36-item, patient-reported survey of patient health status, consists of eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section. Each scale is directly transformed into a 0-100 scale on the assumption that each question carries equal weight. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability i.e., a score of zero is equivalent to maximum disability and a score of 100 is equivalent to no disability. The eight sections are: vitality, physical functioning, bodily pain, general health perceptions, physical role functioning, emotional role functioning, social role functioning, and mental health. The SF-36 Health Survey items and scales were constructed using the Likert method of summated ratings. Answers to each question are scored (some items need to be recoded). These scores are then summed to produce raw scale scores for each health concept which are then transformed to a 0 - 100 scale.
Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with TAVR/SAVR
Health related Quality of Life (HRQoL) assessed by the Toronto Aortic Stenosis Quality of Life Questionnaire (TASQ)
The Toronto Aortic Stenosis Quality of Life Questionnaire (TASQ) is a 16-item, patient reported survey of patient health status, consists of sixteen questions with a 7-point Likert scale answer. The score is the sum of the answer and transformed into a 0-100 scale. The lower the score the better quality of life, the higher the score the worst quality of life.
Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with TAVR/SAVR
Sleep quality assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a scale intended to measure daytime sleepiness that is measured by use of a very short questionnaire. This can be helpful in diagnosing sleep disorders. The questionnaire asks the subject to rate his or her probability of falling asleep on a scale of increasing probability from 0 to 3 for eight different situations. The scores for the eight questions are added together to obtain a single number (0-24) where the lowest is the better outcome: a number in the 0-9 range is considered to be normal while a number in the 10-24 range indicates that expert medical advice should be sought.
Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with TAVR/SAVR
Cognitive function assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) or Folstein test is a 30-point questionnaire that is used extensively in clinical and research settings to measure cognitive impairment. It is also used to estimate the severity and progression of cognitive impairment and to follow the course of cognitive changes in an individual over time; thus making it an effective way to document an individual's response to treatment. Administration of the test takes between 5 and 10 minutes and examines functions including registration (repeating named prompts), attention and calculation, recall, language, ability to follow simple commands and orientation. Any score greater than or equal to 24 points (out of 30) indicates a normal cognition. Below this, scores can indicate severe (≤9 points), moderate (10-18 points) or mild (19-23 points) cognitive impairment. The raw score may also need to be corrected for educational attainment and age
Time frame: 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with TAVR/SAVR
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